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Aluminium amalgam is a solution of aluminium in mercury. In practice the term refers to particles or pieces of aluminium with a surface coating of the amalgam. A gray solid, it is typically used for organic reductions. It is written as Al(Hg) in reactions. [1]
Aluminium amalgam may be prepared by either grinding aluminium pellets or wire in mercury, or by allowing aluminium wire or foil to react with a solution of mercuric chloride. This amalgam is used as a reagent to reduce compounds, such as the reduction of imines to amines. The aluminium is the ultimate electron donor, and the mercury serves to ...
Mercuric chloride is occasionally used to form an amalgam with metals, such as aluminium. [5] Upon treatment with an aqueous solution of mercuric chloride, aluminium strips quickly become covered by a thin layer of the amalgam. Normally, aluminium is protected by a thin layer of oxide, thus making it inert.
Aluminium hydride (also known as alane and alumane) refers to a collection of inorganic compounds with the formula Al H 3. As a gas, alane is a planar molecule. When generated in ether solutions, it exists as an ether adduct. Solutions of alane polymerizes to a solid, which exists in several crystallograhically distinguishable forms. [1]
Although aluminum also oxidizes quickly, the thin aluminum oxide (sapphire) layer is transparent, and so the high-reflectivity underlying aluminum stays visible. In modern aluminum silvering, a sheet of glass is placed in a vacuum chamber with electrically heated nichrome coils that can evaporate aluminum. In a vacuum, the hot aluminum atoms ...
Reduction of β-ketosulfoxides with aluminium amalgam gives methyl ketones (3). [10] Reaction with alkyl halides followed by elimination gives α,β-unsaturated ketones (4). β-ketosulfoxides can also be used in the Pummerer rearrangement to introduce nucleophiles alpha to a carbonyl (5). [11]
Activated alumina is manufactured from aluminium hydroxide by dehydroxylating it in a way that produces a highly porous material; this material can have a surface area significantly over 200 m 2 /g. The compound is used as a desiccant (to keep things dry by adsorbing water from the air) and as a filter of fluoride , arsenic and selenium in ...
Sodium aluminate is an inorganic chemical that is used as an effective source of aluminium hydroxide for many industrial and technical applications. Pure sodium aluminate is a white crystalline solid having a formula variously given as NaAlO 2, NaAl(OH) 4 (), [3] Na 2 O·Al 2 O 3, or Na 2 Al 2 O 4.