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While the IPPC's primary focus is on plants and plant products moving in international trade, the convention also covers research materials, biological control organisms, germplasm banks, containment facilities, food aid, emergency aid and anything else that can act as a vector for the spread of plant pests – for example, containers, packaging materials, soil, vehicles, vessels and machinery.
A photo of the IPPC seal on a wine shipping crate. International Standards For Phytosanitary Measures No. 15 (ISPM 15) is an International Phytosanitary Measure developed by the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) that directly addresses the need to treat wood materials of a thickness greater than 6mm, used to ship products between countries.
As GATT's preliminary focus had been lowering tariffs, the framework that preceded the SPS Agreement was not adequately equipped to deal with the problems of non-tariff barriers (NTBs) to trade and the need for an independent agreement addressing this became critical. [4]
Phytosanitary certificate issued in Thailand. Phytosanitary certification verifies phytosanitary worthiness (plant health).These certificates are used to attest that consignments meet phytosanitary import requirements and are undertaken by a National Plant Protection Organization (NPPO).
However, many countries including Australia, [13] New Zealand [14] and the USA, [15] have developed procedures to assess the pest risks associated with the import of plant commodities. Devorshak (2012) describes the principles of pest risk analysis, how analyses can be performed and the use of pest risk analysis in regulatory plant protection ...
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Plastic pallets are produced and used widely in the U.S. and Europe, spurred by the adoption of the ISPM 15. A full comparison of wood vs plastic can be made by a life cycle analysis. [14] Plastic pallets can cost 10 times as much as hardwood pallets [11] and even more expensive compared to cheap expendable softwood pallets.
The Indonesian Food and Drug Authority (Indonesian: Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan, lit. 'Food and Drug Supervisory Agency'), Badan POM/BPOM, or Indonesian FDA is a government agency of Indonesia responsible for protecting public health through the control and supervision of prescription and over-the-counter pharmaceutical drugs (medication), vaccines, biopharmaceuticals, dietary supplements ...