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The hypoglossal nerve stimulator is a novel strategy for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea. [1] [2] It has been gaining popularity over the last few decades and was approved in Europe in 2013 and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in April 2014. [3]
The hypoglossal nerve provides motor control of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue: genioglossus, hyoglossus, styloglossus, and the intrinsic muscles of the tongue. [2] These represent all muscles of the tongue except the palatoglossus muscle, which is innervated by the vagus nerve. [2] The hypoglossal nerve is of a general somatic efferent ...
Laterally, in between the hyoglossus muscle and the mylohyoid muscle, lay several important structures (from upper to lower): sublingual gland, submandibular duct, lingual nerve, vena comitans of hypoglossal nerve, and the hypoglossal nerve.
Hypoglossal nerve stimulator This page was last edited on 17 April 2013, at 11:29 (UTC). Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4 ...
Insertion: Underside of tongue and body of hyoid: Artery: Lingual artery: Nerve: Hypoglossal nerve: Actions: Inferior fibers protrude the tongue, middle fibers depress the tongue, and its superior fibers draw the tip back and down: Identifiers; Latin: musculus genioglossus: TA98: A05.1.04.101: TA2: 2117: FMA: 46690: Anatomical terms of muscle
The inferior longitudinal muscle of the tongue is an intrinsic muscle of the tongue. [1] It is thin and oval in cross-section. It is situated between the paramedian septum, and the lateral septum. [2]
The geniohyoid muscle is innervated by fibres from the first cervical spinal nerve travelling alongside the hypoglossal nerve. [2] [4] [5] Although the first three cervical nerves give rise to the ansa cervicalis, the geniohyoid muscle is said to be innervated by the first cervical nerve, as some of its efferent fibers do not contribute to ansa cervicalis.
The styloglossus is innervated by the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) (like all muscles of the tongue except palatoglossus which is innervated by the pharyngeal plexus of vagus nerve (CN X)). [citation needed]