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Young tree in natural habitat American chestnut male (pollen) catkins. Castanea dentata is a rapidly-growing, large, deciduous hardwood eudicot tree. [20] A singular specimen manifest in Maine has attained a height of 115 feet (35 m) [21] Pre-blight sources give a maximum height of 100 feet (30 m), and a maximum circumference of 13 feet (4.0 m). [22]
There are approximately 2,500 chestnut trees growing on 60 acres (24 ha) near West Salem, Wisconsin, which is the world's largest remaining stand of American chestnut. These trees are the descendants of those planted by Martin Hicks, an early settler in the area. In the late 1800s, Hicks planted fewer than a dozen chestnuts. Planted outside the ...
The chestnut blight was introduced in the late 19th century with the Japanese chestnut and decimated the once-widespread American chestnut tree. [9] Native un-modified trees are killed from the ground up by the blight, and only the root system survives.
Bark of C. sativa (sweet chestnut). Chestnut trees are of moderate growth rate (for the Chinese chestnut tree) to fast-growing for American and European species. [4] Their mature heights vary from the smallest species of chinkapins, often shrubby, [5] to the giant of past American forests, C. dentata that could reach 60 metres (200 feet).
The tree chosen in 1818 died at the beginning of the 20th century, and a new tree was chosen in 1905. After its death in 1929, a third tree was chosen, [ 5 ] which died due to a fungus infection shortly after the last record, on 13 March 2015.
Phytophthora × cambivora is a plant pathogen that causes ink disease in European chestnut trees (Castanea sativa). Ink disease, also caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi, is thought to have been present in Europe since the 18th century, and causes chestnut trees to wilt and die; major epidemics occurred during the 19th and 20th centuries.
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It is a highly specialized species, its larvae feed specifically on the leaves of the American Chestnut. It was thought the species became extinct when many American chestnut trees died due to an infection of the fungus Cryphonectria parasitica, which was accidentally introduced from Asia around 1900. [2] However, this species was rediscovered. [3]