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The IMF granted Poland a stabilization fund of US$1 billion and an additional stand-by credit of US$720 million. Following this, the World Bank granted Poland additional credits for modernization of exports of Polish goods and food products. Many governments followed and paid off some of the former Communist debt (about 50% of the sum of debt ...
The European Union also criticised the bill, with Poland risking further sanctions under Article 7 and by the European Court of Justice. [54] The EU urged Poland not to pass the bill, and to consult the Venice Commission, yet it passed. [55] The Association of Judges of Ireland condemned the Polish legislation. [56]
The political system is defined in the Polish Constitution, which also guarantees a wide range of individual freedoms. The judicial branch plays a minor role in politics, apart from the Constitutional Tribunal , which can annul laws that violate the freedoms guaranteed in the constitution.
Poland’s president on Monday tapped outgoing Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki to try to form a new government even though his Law and Justice party lost its parliamentary majority in a national ...
Polish economist Tadeusz Kowalik argues that Balcerowicz's reforms were a failure, stating that the good economic performance of Poland in comparison to other post-communist Poland was caused by much better initial economic conditions. Kowalik accuses Balcerowicz of squandering a unique opportunity of creating a fair and egalitarian socio ...
A Committee for the Defence of Democracy protest in Warsaw against Poland's new government, 12 December 2015. The Polish Constitutional Tribunal crisis has been an ongoing political conflict in Poland starting in the second half of 2015 over the appointment of five of the 15 judges of the Constitutional Tribunal.
Poland's Foreign Minister Zbigniew Rau on Thursday called on all sides to show political will to end the standoff between Ukraine and Russia, speaking on a visit to Kyiv as holder of the rotating ...
In the Polish case, the European Commission stated in December 2017 that in the two preceding years, the Parliament of Poland had adopted "13 laws affecting the entire structure of the justice system in Poland" with the "common pattern [that] the executive and legislative branches [were] systematically enabled to politically interfere in the ...