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The new judges were known as the Midnight Judges because Adams was said to be signing their appointments at midnight prior to President Thomas Jefferson's inauguration. The famous Supreme Court case of Marbury v.
Thomas Jefferson. Following is a list of all Article III United States federal judges appointed by President Thomas Jefferson during his presidency. [1] In total Jefferson appointed 19 Article III federal judges, including 3 Justices to the Supreme Court of the United States, 7 judges to the United States circuit courts, and 9 judges to the United States district courts.
William Marbury (November 7, 1762 [1] – March 13, 1835 [2]) was a highly successful American businessman and one of the "Midnight Judges" appointed by United States President John Adams the day before he left office. He was the plaintiff in the landmark 1803 Supreme Court case Marbury v. Madison.
Democratic-Republicans were outraged by the appointment of these "midnight judges," almost all of whom were Federalists. [11] Jefferson and his allies sought to reverse the Judiciary Act of 1801, partly because they did not believe the new judicial positions were necessary, and partly to weaken Federalist influence on the courts.
2.1 Circuit court judges appointed pursuant to the Midnight Judges Act. ... Thomas Jefferson (as chief judge) James Marshall: D.C. March 3, 1801: November 16, 1803:
Fourteen of the sixteen circuit court judges appointed by Adams were to positions created at the end of his tenure in office, in the Judiciary Act of 1801, 2 Stat. 89, which became known as the Midnight Judges Act. All of these offices were abolished by the repeal of this Act on July 1, 1802, by 2 Stat. 132.
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Jefferson was angered by Adams' appointment of "midnight judges". [260] The two men did not communicate directly for more than a decade after Jefferson succeeded Adams as president. [ 261 ] A brief correspondence took place between Abigail Adams and Jefferson after Jefferson's daughter Polly died in 1804, in an attempt at reconciliation unknown ...