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  2. Hydraulic calculation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulic_calculation

    The water available is often determined by means of a water flow test, in which one or more fire hydrants are opened and the water pressures and flowrate are measured. Some municipal water jurisdictions may provide an estimate of available water supplies based on hydraulic models.

  3. Water flow test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_flow_test

    A process to perform a water flow test is explained in the model fire codes as published by NFPA (National Fire Protection Association). If a water supply source is considered weak compared to what is required by the sprinkler system design hydraulic calculation, the water pressure can be boosted by means of a fire pump.

  4. K-factor (fire protection) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K-factor_(fire_protection)

    In fire protection engineering, the K-factor formula is used to calculate the volumetric flow rate from a nozzle. Spray nozzles can for example be fire sprinklers or water mist nozzles, hose reel nozzles, water monitors and deluge fire system nozzles.

  5. Fire sprinkler system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_sprinkler_system

    A fire sprinkler system is an active fire protection method, consisting of a water supply system providing adequate pressure and flowrate to a water distribution piping system, to which fire sprinklers are connected. Although initially used only in factories and large commercial buildings, systems for homes and small buildings are now available ...

  6. Fire suppression system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_suppression_system

    An Ansul fire suppression system in a hospital cafeteria Fire suppression systems are used to extinguish, control, or in some cases, entirely prevent fires from spreading or occurring. Fire suppression systems have an incredibly large variety of applications, and as such, there are many different types of suppression systems for different ...

  7. Hazen–Williams equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hazen–Williams_equation

    The Hazen–Williams equation is an empirical relationship that relates the flow of water in a pipe with the physical properties of the pipe and the pressure drop caused by friction. It is used in the design of water pipe systems [1] such as fire sprinkler systems, [2] water supply networks, and irrigation systems.

  8. Standpipe (firefighting) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standpipe_(firefighting)

    External access point for fire sprinkler and dry standpipe at a building in San Francisco, US Antique wet standpipe preserved at Edison and Ford Winter Estates. A standpipe or riser is a type of rigid water piping which is built into multi-story buildings in a vertical position, or into bridges in a horizontal position, to which fire hoses can be connected, allowing manual application of water ...

  9. Glossary of firefighting equipment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_firefighting...

    Water mist fire suppression A sprinkler-like system that uses a very fine mist featuring much lower water flow than conventional sprinklers to suppress, rather than extinguish a fire. [19] Water tender or tanker A vehicle that contains a substantial tank of water and perhaps a pump, primarily for drafting or bulk transfer to a portable water tank.

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