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Example of direct replication and conceptual replication. There are two main types of replication in statistics. First, there is a type called “exact replication” (also called "direct replication"), which involves repeating the study as closely as possible to the original to see whether the original results can be precisely reproduced. [3]
Reproducibility, closely related to replicability and repeatability, is a major principle underpinning the scientific method.For the findings of a study to be reproducible means that results obtained by an experiment or an observational study or in a statistical analysis of a data set should be achieved again with a high degree of reliability when the study is replicated.
Balanced repeated replication is a statistical technique for estimating the sampling variability of a statistic obtained by stratified sampling. Outline of the technique [ edit ]
Pseudoreplication due to correlation of samples: without accounting for correlation the 90% confidence interval for the sample mean is much too small. To get around this problem for example the blocking method can be applied where correlated samples are first grouped, then the (for each block) the corresponding sample means are computed. From ...
Conceptual replication, where a finding or hypothesis is tested using a different procedure. [11] [14] Conceptual replication allows testing for generalizability and veracity of a result or hypothesis. [14] Reproducibility can also be distinguished from replication, as referring to reproducing the same results using the same data set ...
For example, if there are 3 levels of the primary factor with each level to be run 2 times, then there are 6! (where ! denotes factorial) possible run sequences (or ways to order the experimental trials). Because of the replication, the number of unique orderings is 90 (since 90 = 6!/(2!*2!*2!)). An example of an unrandomized design would be to ...
The Summary. A test designed to identify biomarkers associated with autism just became available in most states. The test is meant to help physicians rule out autism in children who have higher ...
In the first example provided above, the sex of the patient would be a nuisance variable. For example, consider if the drug was a diet pill and the researchers wanted to test the effect of the diet pills on weight loss. The explanatory variable is the diet pill and the response variable is the amount of weight loss.