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The spiritists had a middle class profile, were concerned with Spain's moral regeneration, and embraced rationalism and a demand for Catholic reform. These views brought them in contact with other dissident groups and they all entered into the political arena when the Restoration-era Church refused to tolerate their "heresies".
The traditional social stratification of the Occident in the 15th century. Church and state in medieval Europe was the relationship between the Catholic Church and the various monarchies and other states in Europe during the Middle Ages (between the end of Roman authority in the West in the fifth century to their end in the East in the fifteenth century and the beginning of the Modern era).
Spain in the Middle Ages is a period in the history of Spain that began in the 5th century following the fall of the Western Roman Empire and ended with the beginning of the early modern period in 1492. The history of Spain is marked by waves of conquerors who brought their distinct cultures to the peninsula.
The history of the Catholic Church is the formation, events, and historical development of the Catholic Church through time.. According to the tradition of the Catholic Church, it started from the day of Pentecost at the upper room of Jerusalem; [1] the Catholic tradition considers that the Church is a continuation of the early Christian community established by the Disciples of Jesus.
The Catholic Church in Spain, 1875–1998 (1998; reprint 2012) Jedin, Hubert, and John Dolan, eds. History of the Church, Volume X: The Church in the Modern Age (1989) Lannon, Frances. Privilege, Persecution, and Prophecy. The Catholic Church in Spain 1875–1975. (Oxford UP, 1987) Payne, Stanley G. Spanish Catholicism: An Historical Overview ...
Catholics then began to accuse—with or without substantiation—the conversos of secretly maintaining Jewish practices, [3] and thus undermining the newly united kingdom's nascent national identity, ultimately leading to their expulsion by royal decree of the "Catholic Monarchs" Ferdinand and Isabella of Castile and León in 1492.
Under the Catholic Monarchs an efficient army loyal to the Crown was created, commanded by Castilian Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba, known as the Great Captain. Fernández de Córdoba reorganised the military troops on a new combat unit, tercios reales , which entailed the creation of the first modern army dependent on the crown, regardless of ...
In Roman Catholic theology as it has developed since the scholastic period, the essence of God can be known but only in the next life; the grace of God is always created; and the essence of God is pure act, so that there can be no distinction between the energies or operations and the essence of God (see, e.g., the Summa Theologiae of St Thomas ...