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The restored John P. Parker house in Ripley, Ohio. John P. Parker (c. 1827 – January 30, 1900) was an American abolitionist, inventor, iron moulder and industrialist.Parker, who was African American, helped hundreds of slaves to freedom in the Underground Railroad resistance movement based in Ripley, Ohio.
By 1804, before the creation of new states from the federal western territories, the number of slave and free states was 8 each. By the time of Missouri Compromise of 1820, the dividing line between the slave and free states was called the Mason-Dixon line (between Maryland and Pennsylvania), with its westward extension being the Ohio River.
Indiana was a likely place for runaways to escape because of its geographical location as a free state that bordered Kentucky, a slave state. Indiana's southern boundary, directly across the Ohio River from Kentucky, had several crossing points and various routes for runaways to follow north to reach Detroit, Michigan.
The museum uses historical artifacts, Black heritage exhibits, and video presentations to share the story of how Africans were forced into slavery and the made their way to Canada. [3] Fort Malden – Amherstburg [4] One of the routes to Ontario was to cross Lake Erie from Sandusky, Ohio to Fort Malden.
What developed was a Northern block of free states united into one contiguous geographic area that generally shared an anti-slavery culture. The exceptions were the areas along the Ohio River settled by Southerners: the southern portions of Indiana, Ohio, and Illinois. Residents of those areas generally shared in Southern culture and attitudes.
With the end of slavery in the state, Indiana became a border state with the southern slave states. Hoosiers like Levi Coffin came to play an important role in the Underground Railroad that helped many slaves escape from the South. Indiana remained anti-slavery and in the American Civil War remained with the Union and contributed men to the war.
View of the Ohio River from near Stephensport, Kentucky (1988) Stone, his nephew Howard Stone, and three other whites were killed on the Ohio River in 1826 by the people he was trafficking south. [22] The news report about his murder, now known as the 1826 Ohio River slave revolt, read as follows: [23]
Ohio blacks could not vote, hold office, serve in the state militia, or serve jury duty. Blacks were not permitted in the public school system until 1848, when a law was passed that permitted communities to establish segregated schools. In 1837, black Ohioans met in a statewide convention seeking repeal of the Black Laws. [2]