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Iron-deficiency anemia is mainly caused by blood loss, such as may occur during menses or gastrointestinal hemorrhage.This often results in a depapilled, atrophic glossitis, giving the tongue a bald and shiny appearance, along with pallor (paleness) of the lips and other mucous membranes a tendency towards recurrent oral ulceration, [6] and cheilosis (swelling of the lips). [7]
Vitamin B3 deficiency is another possible cause, and in which other association conditions such as dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia and glossitis can occur. [5] Biotin (vitamin B7) deficiency has also been reported to cause AC, along with hair loss (alopecia) and dry eyes. [5] Zinc deficiency is known to cause AC. [18]
Median rhomboid glossitis is a condition characterized by an area of redness and loss of lingual papillae on the central dorsum of the tongue, sometimes including lesions of the tongue and palate. It is seen in patients using inhaled steroids and smokers, and is usually a kind of chronic atrophic oral candidiasis , but hematinic deficiency and ...
Also known as benign migratory glossitis, experts cover the symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment of geographic tongue.
In children a frequent cause is repeated lip-licking, and in adults it may be a sign of underlying iron deficiency anemia, or vitamin B deficiencies (e.g., B 2-riboflavin, B 9-folate, or B 12-cobalamin, which in turn may be evidence of poor diets or malnutrition such as celiac disease).
Pernicious anemia is the most common cause of clinically evident vitamin B 12 deficiency worldwide. [14] Pernicious anemia due to autoimmune problems occurs in about one per 1000 people in the US. Among those over the age of 60, about 2% have the condition. [8] It more commonly affects people of northern European descent. [2]
Alcoholism can also cause vitamin deficiencies. Long-term deficiencies can be life-threatening. [20] Riboflavin (Vitamin B 2) deficiency: Deficiency causes painful red tongue with sore throat, chapped and cracked lips, and inflammation at the corners of the mouth (angular cheilitis). Eyes can be itchy, watery, bloodshot and sensitive to light.
Its deficiency can cause neurodevelopmental problems which can be partly reversible with early treatment. [27] Only a small subset of dementia cases have been found to be reversible with vitamin B 12 therapy. [28] Tinnitus may be associated with vitamin B 12 deficiency. [29] Vitamin B 12 deficiency may accompany certain eating disorders or ...