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  2. Caesar cipher - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesar_cipher

    The cipher illustrated here uses a left shift of 3, so that (for example) each occurrence of E in the plaintext becomes B in the ciphertext. In cryptography, a Caesar cipher, also known as Caesar's cipher, the shift cipher, Caesar's code, or Caesar shift, is one of the simplest and most widely known encryption techniques.

  3. ROT13 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROT13

    ROT13 is a simple letter substitution cipher that replaces a letter with the 13th letter after it in the Latin alphabet. ROT13 is a special case of the Caesar cipher which was developed in ancient Rome, used by Julius Caesar in the 1st century BC. [1] An early entry on the Timeline of cryptography.

  4. Classical cipher - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_cipher

    A well-known example of a substitution cipher is the Caesar cipher. To encrypt a message with the Caesar cipher, each letter of message is replaced by the letter three positions later in the alphabet. Hence, A is replaced by D, B by E, C by F, etc. Finally, X, Y and Z are replaced by A, B and C respectively.

  5. Cryptography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptography

    An early substitution cipher was the Caesar cipher, in which each letter in the plaintext was replaced by a letter three positions further down the alphabet. [23] Suetonius reports that Julius Caesar used it with a shift of three to communicate with his generals. Atbash is an example of an early Hebrew cipher.

  6. Cipher - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cipher

    The Caesar Cipher is one of the earliest known cryptographic systems. Julius Caesar used a cipher that shifts the letters in the alphabet in place by three and wrapping the remaining letters to the front to write to Marcus Tullius Cicero in approximately 50 BC. [citation needed] Historical pen and paper ciphers used in the past are sometimes ...

  7. Substitution cipher - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substitution_cipher

    At the end of every season 1 episode of the cartoon series Gravity Falls, during the credit roll, there is one of three simple substitution ciphers: A -3 Caesar cipher (hinted by "3 letters back" at the end of the opening sequence), an Atbash cipher, or a letter-to-number simple substitution cipher. The season 1 finale encodes a message with ...

  8. Tabula recta - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabula_recta

    All polyalphabetic ciphers based on the Caesar cipher can be described in terms of the tabula recta. The tabula recta uses a letter square with the 26 letters of the alphabet followed by 26 rows of additional letters, each shifted once to the left from the one above it. This, in essence, creates 26 different Caesar ciphers. [1]

  9. History of cryptography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_cryptography

    The earliest example of the homophonic substitution cipher is the one used by Duke of Mantua in the early 1400s. [24] Homophonic cipher replaces each letter with multiple symbols depending on the letter frequency. The cipher is ahead of the time because it combines monoalphabetic and polyalphabetic features.