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Sir Joseph John Thomson OM FRS [ 1 ] (18 December 1856 – 30 August 1940) was a British physicist and Nobel Laureate in Physics, credited with the discovery of the electron, the first subatomic particle to be found.
Plum pudding model. A hypothetical atom with seven electrons, arranged in a pentagonal dipyramid, as imagined by Thomson in 1905. The plum pudding model was the first scientific model of the atom with internal structure. It was first proposed by J. J. Thomson in 1904 following his discovery of the electron in 1897, but it was subsequently ...
At the time of Rutherford's paper, JJ Thomson was the "undisputed world master in the design of atoms". [ 8 ] : 296 Rutherford needed to compare his new approach to Thomson's. Thomson's model, presented in 1910, [ 18 ] modeled the electron collisions with hyperbolic orbits from his 1906 paper [ 60 ] combined with a factor for the positive sphere.
Thomson was born in Cambridge, England, the son of physicist and Nobel laureate J. J. Thomson and Rose Elisabeth Paget, daughter of George Edward Paget.Thomson went to The Perse School, Cambridge before going on to read mathematics and physics at Trinity College, Cambridge, until the outbreak of World War I in 1914, when he was commissioned into the Queen's Royal West Surrey Regiment.
Cathode ray. A beam of cathode rays in a vacuum tube bent into a circle by a magnetic field generated by a Helmholtz coil. Cathode rays are normally invisible; in this demonstration Teltron tube, enough gas has been left in the tube for the gas atoms to luminesce when struck by the fast-moving electrons. Cathode rays or electron beams (e-beam ...
John Edgar Thomson (February 10, 1808 – May 27, 1874) was an American civil engineer and industrialist. An entrepreneur best known for his leadership of the Pennsylvania Railroad (PRR) from 1852 until his death in 1874, Thomson made it the largest business enterprise in the world and a world-class model for technological and managerial innovation.
History of atomic theory. The current theoretical model of the atom involves a dense nucleus surrounded by a probabilistic "cloud" of electrons. Atomic theory is the scientific theory that matter is composed of particles called atoms. The definition of the word "atom" has changed over the years in response to scientific discoveries.
The Rutherford model was devised by Ernest Rutherford to describe an atom. Rutherford directed the Geiger–Marsden experiment in 1909, which suggested, upon Rutherford's 1911 analysis, that J. J. Thomson 's plum pudding model of the atom was incorrect. Rutherford's new model [1] for the atom, based on the experimental results, contained new ...