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  2. Chiari malformation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiari_malformation

    In neurology, the Chiari malformation (/ k i ˈ ɑː r i / kee-AR-ee; CM) is a structural defect in the cerebellum, characterized by a downward displacement of one or both cerebellar tonsils through the foramen magnum (the opening at the base of the skull). CMs can cause headaches, difficulty swallowing, vomiting, dizziness, neck pain, unsteady ...

  3. Cerebrospinal fluid leak - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebrospinal_fluid_leak

    Neurology. A cerebrospinal fluid leak (CSF leak or CSFL) is a medical condition where the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that surrounds the brain and spinal cord leaks out of one or more holes or tears in the dura mater. [1] A CSF leak is classed as either spontaneous (primary), having no known cause (sCSF leak), or nonspontaneous (secondary) where ...

  4. Intracranial pressure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intracranial_pressure

    Severely high ICP can cause the brain to herniate. Intracranial pressure (ICP) is the pressure exerted by fluids such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inside the skull and on the brain tissue. ICP is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and at rest, is normally 7–15 mmHg for a supine adult. This equals to 9–20 cmH 2 O, which is a common ...

  5. Brain herniation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_herniation

    Brain herniation is a potentially deadly side effect of very high pressure within the skull that occurs when a part of the brain is squeezed across structures within the skull. The brain can shift across such structures as the falx cerebri, the tentorium cerebelli, and even through the foramen magnum (the hole in the base of the skull through ...

  6. Hydrocephalus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrocephalus

    Hydrocephalus is a condition in which an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) occurs within the brain. [1] This typically causes increased pressure inside the skull. Older people may have headaches, double vision, poor balance, urinary incontinence, personality changes, or mental impairment.

  7. Cervicocranial syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervicocranial_syndrome

    Cervicocranial syndrome or (craniocervical junction syndrome, CCJ syndrome) is a combination of symptoms that are caused by an abnormality in the cervical vertebrae leading to improper function of cervical spinal nerves. Cervicocranial syndrome is either congenital or acquired. Some examples of diseases that could result in cervicocranial ...

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