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Like small-cell cancer in the lungs, the lymph nodes play a major role in spreading the cancer throughout the body. SCC begins in the inner part of the cervix and is very hard to diagnose. Due to the involvement of the lymph nodes , in its late and fatal stages, it can spread beyond the pelvic region to other organs.
M8043/3 Small cell carcinoma, fusiform cell; M8044/3 Small cell carcinoma, intermediate cell; M8045/3 Combined small cell carcinoma Mixed small cell carcinoma; Combined small cell-large cell carcinoma; Combined small cell-adenocarcinoma; Combined small cell-squamous cell carcinoma; M8046/3 Non-small cell carcinoma (C34._)
Small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) has long been divided into two clinicopathological stages, termed limited stage (LS) and extensive stage (ES). [8] The stage is generally determined by the presence or absence of metastases, whether or not the tumor appears limited to the thorax, and whether or not the entire tumor burden within the chest can feasibly be encompassed within a single radiotherapy ...
Cervical cancer typically develops from precancerous changes called cervical intraepithelial neoplasia over 10 to 20 years. [3] About 90% of cervical cancer cases are squamous cell carcinomas, 10% are adenocarcinoma, and a small number are other types. [4] Diagnosis is typically by cervical screening followed by a biopsy. [2]
Cervical clear cell carcinoma (CCC) is typically HPV-negative, though many are p16 positive. [3] Traditionally, clear cell carcinoma of the lower genital tract in females was related to diethylstilbestrol (DES) exposure in utero. More recently, these cases develop sporadically or are related to vaginal adenosis.
The diagnosis is based on tissue examination, e.g. biopsy. [citation needed]Under the microscope, glassy cell carcinoma tumours are composed of cells with a glass-like cytoplasm, typically associated with an inflammatory infiltrate abundant in eosinophils and very mitotically active.
The cause of CIN is chronic infection of the cervix with HPV, especially infection with high-risk HPV types 16 or 18. It is thought that the high-risk HPV infections have the ability to inactivate tumor suppressor genes such as the p53 gene and the RB gene, thus allowing the infected cells to grow unchecked and accumulate successive mutations, eventually leading to cancer.
Small blue round cells of Ewing Sarcoma Display of small round blue cells characteristic of desmoplastic small round cell tumour.. In histopathology, a small-blue-round-cell tumour (abbreviated SBRCT), also known as a small-round-blue-cell tumor (SRBCT) or a small-round-cell tumour (SRCT), is any one of a group of malignant neoplasms that have a characteristic appearance under the microscope ...