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The Supreme Court (SC) is the highest court of the land and is the court of last resort. [ 1 ] : 6 It is led by the Chief Justice , who is joined by 14 Associate Justices . [ 1 ] : 39 The court has expansive powers and a constitutional responsibility to oversee other branches of government, able even to overrule the discretion of political and ...
Thus, while the Civil Code seeks to govern all aspects of private law in the Philippines, a Republic Act such as Republic Act No. 9048 would concern itself with a more limited field, as in that case, the correction of entries in the civil registry. Still, the amendment of Philippine legal codes is accomplished through the passage of Republic Acts.
Within the regular court system, [24]: 8–9 the Court of Appeals is the second-highest appellate court. [28] Below this, Regional Trial Courts have original jurisdiction on most criminal matters, and are the main trial courts. The Regional Trial Courts are organized within judicial regions, which correspond to the administrative regions. [28]
The Judicial and Bar Council (JBC; Filipino: Sangguniang Panghukuman at Pang-abogasya [1]) of the Philippines is a constitutionally-created body that recommends appointees for vacancies that may arise in the composition of the Supreme Court, other lower courts, and the Legal Education Board, and in the offices of the Ombudsman, Deputy Ombudsman and the Special Prosecutor.
The government of the Philippines (Filipino: Pamahalaan ng Pilipinas) has three interdependent branches: the legislative, executive, and judicial branches.The Philippines is governed as a unitary state under a presidential representative and democratic constitutional republic in which the president functions as both the head of state and the head of government of the country within a pluriform ...
The Constitution of the Philippines (Filipino: Saligang Batas ng Pilipinas or Konstitusyon ng Pilipinas) is the supreme law of the Philippines.Its final draft was completed by the Constitutional Commission on October 12, 1986, and ratified by a nationwide plebiscite on February 2, 1987.
Soon, the Supreme Court under the then 1973 Constitution took over the administrative supervision of all lower courts from the DOJ. The succeeding 1987 Constitution upheld it. It became the Ministry of Justice once more in 1973 during Martial Law , continuing in that form until 1987, when the return to a presidential form of government as ...
The order of precedence in the Philippines is the protocol used in ranking government officials and other personages in the Philippines. [1] Purely ceremonial in nature, it has no legal standing, and does not reflect the presidential line of succession nor the equal status of the three branches of government established in the 1987 Constitution .