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Without the generalized Riemann hypothesis, there is no single value of a for which Artin's conjecture is proved. D. R. Heath-Brown proved in 1986 (Corollary 1) that at least one of 2, 3, or 5 is a primitive root modulo infinitely many primes p. [3] He also proved (Corollary 2) that there are at most two primes for which Artin's conjecture fails.
In modular arithmetic, a number g is a primitive root modulo n if every number a coprime to n is congruent to a power of g modulo n. That is, g is a primitive root modulo n if for every integer a coprime to n, there is some integer k for which g k ≡ a (mod n). Such a value k is called the index or discrete logarithm of a to the base g modulo n.
Artin's conjecture on primitive roots; The (now proved) conjecture that finite fields are quasi-algebraically closed; see Chevalley–Warning theorem; The (now disproved) conjecture that any algebraic form over the p-adics of degree d in more than d 2 variables represents zero: that is, that all p-adic fields are C 2; see Ax–Kochen theorem or ...
Agrawal's conjecture; Andrica's conjecture; Artin's conjecture on primitive roots; B. Bateman–Horn conjecture; Brocard's conjecture; Bunyakovsky conjecture; C ...
Such an element is called a primitive λ-root modulo n. The Carmichael function is named after the American mathematician Robert Carmichael who defined it in 1910. [ 1 ] It is also known as Carmichael's λ function , the reduced totient function , and the least universal exponent function .
Artin's conjecture on primitive roots that if an integer is neither a perfect square nor , then it is a primitive root modulo infinitely many prime numbers Brocard's conjecture : there are always at least 4 {\displaystyle 4} prime numbers between consecutive squares of prime numbers, aside from 2 2 {\displaystyle 2^{2}} and 3 2 {\displaystyle 3 ...
Artin's conjecture on primitive roots: number theory: ⇐generalized Riemann hypothesis [2] ⇐Selberg conjecture B [3] Emil Artin: 325 Bateman–Horn conjecture: number theory: Paul T. Bateman and Roger Horn: 245 Baum–Connes conjecture: operator K-theory: ⇒Gromov-Lawson-Rosenberg conjecture [4] ⇒Kaplansky-Kadison conjecture [4] ⇒ ...
This is a case in which even the best bound that can be proved using the Riemann hypothesis is far weaker than what seems true: Cramér's conjecture implies that every gap is O((log p) 2), which, while larger than the average gap, is far smaller than the bound implied by the Riemann hypothesis. Numerical evidence supports Cramér's conjecture. [14]