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The proclamation of the French Republic on September 4, 1870, represented the third French revolution of the nineteenth century. It followed the July Revolution of 1830, which placed King Louis-Philippe I on the throne at the head of a new regime, the July Monarchy, and the revolution of 1848, which led to the birth of the Second Republic.
French Second Republic (1848–1852), deposing the July Monarchy and lasting until the Second Empire; French Third Republic (1870–1940), deposing the Second Empire and lasting until the Fall of France to Nazi Germany; French Fourth Republic (1946–1958), deposing the French State in the aftermath of World War II
The French Third Republic (French: Troisième République, sometimes written as La III e République) was the system of government adopted in France from 4 September 1870, when the Second French Empire collapsed during the Franco-Prussian War, until 10 July 1940, after the Fall of France during World War II led to the formation of the Vichy government.
The Declaration to the French People of 1871 set out the plan to organize France as a federation of communes based on direct democracy.. The insurrectionary communes in France in 1870–1871 were communes distinguished by their refusal to acquiesce to two significant events: first, France's capitulation to Bismarck, and second, the submission to the authority of the Versailles government.
Napoleon Bonaparte was a co-conspirator in the coup and became head of the government as the First Consul. On 18 May 1804, Napoleon was proclaimed Emperor of the French by the Sénat conservateur. He would later proclaim himself Emperor of the French, ending the First French Republic and ushering in the French First Empire. [8]
Léon Gambetta (French: [leɔ̃ ɡɑ̃bɛta]; 2 April 1838 – 31 December 1882) was a French lawyer and republican politician who proclaimed the French Third Republic in 1870 and played a prominent role in its early government.
Polverel issued a proclamation in Cap Francais on 21 June 1793, which freed all slaves who agreed to fight for the French Republic from both internal and external threats. [75] The commissaires then ruled that the Republic would pay an indemnity to the owners of female slaves marrying free men and that all children of that union would be free. [76]
A republican empire is a form of government in which a country governed as a republic transitions into an empire. Examples of this process include the First French Republic, which became the First French Empire, [1] as well as the Dutch Republic, which formed a Dutch Empire by seizing territory from Spain.