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Area#Area formulas – Size of a two-dimensional surface; Perimeter#Formulas – Path that surrounds an area; List of second moments of area; List of surface-area-to-volume ratios – Surface area per unit volume; List of surface area formulas – Measure of a two-dimensional surface; List of trigonometric identities
In mathematics, complex multiplication (CM) is the theory of elliptic curves E that have an endomorphism ring larger than the integers. [1] Put another way, it contains the theory of elliptic functions with extra symmetries, such as are visible when the period lattice is the Gaussian integer lattice or Eisenstein integer lattice.
The union Q CM of all CM fields is similar to a CM field except that it has infinite degree. It is a quadratic extension of the union of all totally real fields Q R. The absolute Galois group Gal(Q /Q R) is generated (as a closed subgroup) by all elements of order 2 in Gal(Q /Q), and Gal(Q /Q CM) is a subgroup of index 2.
Vieta's formulas can be proved by considering the equality + + + + = () (which is true since ,, …, are all the roots of this polynomial), expanding the products in the right-hand side, and equating the coefficients of each power of between the two members of the equation.
Bronshtein and Semendyayev is a comprehensive handbook of fundamental working knowledge of mathematics and table of formulas based on the Russian book ะกะฟัะฐะฒะพัะฝะธะบ ะฟะพ ะผะฐัะตะผะฐัะธะบะต ะดะปั ะธะฝะถะตะฝะตัะพะฒ ะธ ััะฐัะธั ัั ะฒััะทะพะฒ (Spravochnik po matematike dlya inzhenerov i uchashchikhsya vtuzov, literally: "Handbook of mathematics for engineers and students of ...
Ian Stewart belongs to a very small, very exclusive club of popular science and mathematics writers who are worth reading today. Robert Schaefer of New York Journal of Books [ 3 ] Kirkus Reviews said Stewart "succeed[ed] in illuminating many but not all of some very difficult ideas", and that the book "will enchant math enthusiasts as well as ...
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