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Russian lost its status as the official lingua franca of Turkmenistan in 1996. [32] According to estimates from Demoskop Weekly, in 2004 there were 150,000 native speakers of Russian in the country and 100,000 active speakers. [33] Russian is spoken by 12% of the population, according to an undated estimate from the World Factbook. [35]
Mongolia [b] is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south. It covers an area of 1,564,116 square kilometres (603,909 square miles), with a population of 3.5 million, making it the world's most sparsely populated sovereign state .
There are smaller numbers of Russian, Chinese, Korean and American people working in Mongolia since 1990. 3,000 Westerners live in Mongolia, accounting for 0.1% of its total population. [ 26 ] English is the most widely used foreign language followed by Russian .
[54] [90] Russian is spoken by 14.2% of the population according to an undated estimate from the World Factbook. [57] In 2005, Russian was the most widely taught foreign language in Mongolia, [91] and was compulsory in Year 7 onward as a second foreign language in 2006. [92] Around 1.5 million Israelis spoke Russian as of 2017. [93]
The Mongolic languages are a language family that is spoken in East-Central Asia, mostly in Mongolia, Inner Mongolia, an autonomous region of China, Xinjiang, another autonomous region of China, the region of Qinghai, and also in Kalmykia, a republic of Southern European Russia.
Later Turkic peoples in Mongolia all spoke forms of Common Turkic (z-Turkic) as opposed to Oghur (Bulgharic) Turkic, which withdrew to the west in the 4th century. The Chuvash language, spoken by 1 million people in European Russia, is the only living representative of Oghur Turkic which split from Proto Turkic around the 1st century AD.
Finland borders Russia directly, and from 1809 until 1917 was a Grand Duchy of Finland in personal union with the Russian Empire. As of 2013, Finland had 31,000 Russian citizens, which amounted to 0.56% of the population, [67] and 80,000 (1.5%) [clarification needed] speak Russian as their mother tongue.
Spoken in: the Chinese provinces of Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia, the Mongolian aimag of the Selenge Province, and the Russian krai of Krasnoyarsk Krai Ewe – Èʋe, Èʋegbe Spoken by: the Beninois / Togolese Ewe people