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  2. Fluoronickelate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluoronickelate

    formula name Ni Ox structure Remarks references (NH 4) 2 NiF 4: ammonium tetrafluoronickelate 2 Fuse NiCl 2 with NH 4 F, light green color [1] [2] (NH 4) 2 NiF 4 ·2H 2 O ammonium tetrafluoronickelate dihydrate 2 Formed from Ni(OH) 2 and NH 4 F in water [3] K 2 NiF 4: potassium tetrafluoronickelate: 2 [1] Rb 2 NiF 4: rubidium ...

  3. National Ignition Facility - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Ignition_Facility

    The preamplifiers of the National Ignition Facility are the first step in increasing the energy of laser beams as they make their way toward the target chamber. In 2012 NIF achieved a 500 terawatt shot—1,000 times more power than the United States uses at any instant in time.

  4. Useful conversions and formulas for air dispersion modeling

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Useful_conversions_and...

    For example, such a regulation might limit the concentration of NOx to 55 ppmv in a dry combustion exhaust gas corrected to 3 volume percent O 2. As another example, a regulation might limit the concentration of particulate matter to 0.1 grain per standard cubic foot (i.e., scf) of dry exhaust gas corrected to 12 volume percent CO 2.

  5. Orders of magnitude (energy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orders_of_magnitude_(energy)

    Estimated rotational energy of M87 SMBH and total energy of the most luminous quasars over Gyr time-scales [334] [335] ~2×10 57 J Estimated thermal energy of the Bullet Cluster of galaxies [336] 7.3×10 57 J Mass-energy equivalent of the ultramassive black hole TON 618, an extremely luminous quasar / active galactic nucleus (AGN). [337] [338 ...

  6. Six factor formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six_factor_formula

    The multiplication factor, k, is defined as (see nuclear chain reaction): k = ⁠ number of neutrons in one generation / number of neutrons in preceding generation ⁠. If k is greater than 1, the chain reaction is supercritical, and the neutron population will grow exponentially.

  7. Metabolic equivalent of task - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolic_equivalent_of_task

    The metabolic equivalent of task (MET) is the objective measure of the ratio of the rate at which a person expends energy, relative to the mass of that person, while performing some specific physical activity compared to a reference, currently set by convention at an absolute 3.5 mL of oxygen per kg per minute, which is the energy expended when sitting quietly by a reference individual, chosen ...

  8. Fanning friction factor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fanning_friction_factor

    It is defined as the ratio between the local shear stress and the local flow kinetic energy density: [1] [2] = where f is the local Fanning friction factor (dimensionless); τ is the local shear stress (units of pascals (Pa) = kg/m 2, or pounds per square foot (psf) = lbm/ft 2);

  9. Energy release rate (fracture mechanics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_release_rate...

    In fracture mechanics, the energy release rate, , is the rate at which energy is transformed as a material undergoes fracture.Mathematically, the energy release rate is expressed as the decrease in total potential energy per increase in fracture surface area, [1] [2] and is thus expressed in terms of energy per unit area.