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Chylomicron structure ApoA, ApoB, ApoC, ApoE (apolipoproteins); T (triacylglycerol); C (cholesterol); green (phospholipids). Chylomicrons transport lipids absorbed from the intestine to adipose, cardiac, and skeletal muscle tissue, where their triglyceride components are hydrolyzed by the activity of the lipoprotein lipase, allowing the released free fatty acids to be absorbed by the tissues.
Structure of a chylomicron (the largest lipoprotein). ApoA , ApoB , ApoC , ApoE are apolipoproteins ; green particles are phospholipids ; T is triglyceride ; C is cholesterol ester . A lipoprotein is a biochemical assembly whose primary function is to transport hydrophobic lipid (also known as fat ) molecules in water, as in blood plasma or ...
Remnant cholesterol is the cholesterol content of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, which consist of very low-density lipoproteins and intermediate-density lipoproteins with chylomicron remnants. [2] [5] Remnant cholesterol is primarily chylomicron and VLDL, and each remnant particle contains about 40 times more cholesterol than LDL. [6]
Drugs that inhibit MTTP prevent the assembly of apo B-containing lipoproteins thus inhibiting the synthesis of chylomicrons and VLDL and leading to decrease in plasma levels of LDL-C. Lomitapide (Juxtapid) was approved by the US FDA for adjunctive treatment of homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia.
Very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), density relative to extracellular water, is a type of lipoprotein made by the liver. [1] VLDL is one of the five major groups of lipoproteins (chylomicrons, VLDL, intermediate-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein) that enable fats and cholesterol to move within the water-based solution of the bloodstream.
Apolipoprotein C-II (Apo-CII, or Apoc-II), or apolipoprotein C2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOC2 gene.. The protein encoded by this gene is secreted in plasma, where it is a component of very low density lipoproteins and chylomicrons.
Apples. The original source of sweetness for many of the early settlers in the United States, the sugar from an apple comes with a healthy dose of fiber.
Traditionally the amount of HDL-C is used as a proxy to measure the amount of HDL particles, and from there a proxy for the reverse cholesterol transport capacity. However, a number of conditions that increase reverse cholesterol transport (e.g. being male) will reduce HDL-C due to the greater clearance of HDL, making such a test unreliable.