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La France Insoumise (LFI or FI; French: [la fʁɑ̃s ɛ̃sumiz], lit. ' France Unbowed ', also translated as ‘France in Revolt’) is a left-wing political party in France. It was launched in 2016 by Jean-Luc Mélenchon, then a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) and former co-president of the Left Party (PG).
The Republicans (French: Les Républicains [le ʁepyblikɛ̃]; LR) is a liberal-conservative political party in France, largely inspired by the tradition of Gaullism. [6] [2] [7] The party was formed in 2015 as the refoundation of the Union for a Popular Movement (UMP), which had been established in 2002 under the leadership of the then-president of France, Jacques Chirac.
In many countries, the position of leader of a political party (that is, the organisational leader) and leader of a parliamentary group are separate positions, and while they are often held by the same person, [1] this is not always or automatically the case. If the party leader is a member of the government, holds a different political office ...
[35] Journalist Patrick Roger of Le Monde notes that Michel Rocard was the first "left-wing political leader under the Fifth Republic" to propose, during the 1985 cantonal elections, "the principle of a 'democratic pact,' calling for a transcendence of traditional divisions. [...] He urged voters to support right-wing candidates to defeat the ...
Notre France. Dire et aimer ce que nous sommes, Allary Éditions, 2016. Les Enfants du vide. De l'impasse individualiste au réveil citoyen, Allary Éditions, 2018, ISBN 978-2370731623. Lettre à la génération qui va tout changer, Allary Éditions, 2021, ISBN 9782370731418.
Jean-Luc Antoine Pierre Mélenchon (French: [ʒɑ̃lyk melɑ̃ʃɔ̃] ⓘ; born 19 August 1951) is a French politician who has been the de facto leader of La France Insoumise (LFI) since it was established in 2016.
Duce (/ ˈ d uː tʃ eɪ / DOO-chay, Italian:) is an Italian title, derived from the Latin word dux, 'leader', and a cognate of duke. National Fascist Party leader Benito Mussolini was identified by Fascists as Il Duce ('The Leader') of the movement since the birth of the Fasci Italiani di Combattimento in 1919.
Earlier that year, Marine Le Pen, leader of the National Front, had stated in speeches that the government during WWII "was not France". [165] [166] "It was indeed France that organised this [roundup]", Macron said, French police collaborating with the Nazis. "Not a single German took part," he added.