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The value of LD 50 for a substance is the dose required to kill half the members of a tested population after a specified test duration. LD 50 figures are frequently used as a general indicator of a substance's acute toxicity. A lower LD 50 is indicative of higher toxicity. The term LD 50 is generally attributed to John William Trevan. [2]
The system is based on LD50 determination in rats, thus an oral solid agent with an LD50 at 5 mg or less/kg bodyweight is Class Ia, at 5–50 mg/kg is Class Ib, LD50 at 50–2000 mg/kg is Class II, and at LD50 at the concentration more than 2000 mg/kg is classified as Class III. Values may differ for liquid oral agents and dermal agents. [1]
In toxicology, the lethal dose (LD) is an indication of the lethal toxicity of a given substance or type of radiation.Because resistance varies from one individual to another, the "lethal dose" represents a dose (usually recorded as dose per kilogram of subject body weight) at which a given percentage of subjects will die.
Methanol and its vapours are flammable. Moderately toxic for small animals – Highly toxic to large animals and humans (in high concentrations) – May be fatal/lethal or cause blindness and damage to the liver, kidneys, and heart if swallowed – Toxicity effects from repeated over exposure have an accumulative effect on the central nervous system, especially the optic nerve – Symptoms may ...
Carbaryl is a cholinesterase inhibitor and is toxic to humans. It is classified as a likely human carcinogen by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA.) [13] The oral LD 50 is 250 to 850 mg/kg for rats and 100 to 650 mg/kg for mice. [8] Carbaryl can be produced using methyl isocyanate (MIC) as an intermediary. [5]
Different Lysol products contain different active ingredients. Examples of active ingredients used in Lysol products: [citation needed] ethanol/SD alcohol, 40 1–4%; fluid that acts as sanitizer; isopropyl alcohol, 1–2%; partly responsible for Lysol's strong odor; acts as sanitizing agent and removes odor; p-chloro-o-benzylphenol, 5–6% ...
Red dye No. 3 was banned, among other popular food additives, in California. What to know about related health risks, and what products you may want to avoid.
The manufacture of propylhexedrine products for therapeutic use is typically performed based on guidelines established in government regulations and pharmacopeia monographs. [ 42 ] [ 5 ] The illicit manufacture or diversion of propylhexedrine by clandestine chemists for use as a recreational drug has been documented in academic literature. [ 35 ]