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Measurement of the belly being performed by a pregnant woman during her pregnancy. The amount of healthy weight gain during a pregnancy varies. [102] Weight gain is related to the weight of the baby, the placenta, extra circulatory fluid, larger tissues, and fat and protein stores. [16] Most needed weight gain occurs later in pregnancy. [103]
Low pre-pregnancy BMI increases the risk of low birth weight infants, but the risk can be balanced by an appropriate gestational weight gain from 12.5 to 18.0 kilograms in total, or about 0.5 kilogram each week in the second and third trimesters.
Fetal alcohol syndrome usually occurs when a pregnant woman has more than four drinks per day. Milder symptoms have been found with two drinks per day during the early part of pregnancy. [53] [54] Evidence of harm from less than two drinks per day or 10 drinks per week is not clear. [53] [55]
The enlarging uterus, growing fetus, placenta, amniotic fluid, normal increase in body fat, and increase in water retention all contribute weight gain during pregnancy. The amount of weight gain can vary from 5 pounds (2.3 kg) to over 100 pounds (45 kg). In the United States, the range of weight gain that doctors generally recommend is 25 ...
Also starting about week 12, the thoracic diaphragm moves up and down as if the fetus were breathing, but this movement disappears about week 16 and does not resume until the third trimester. [ 16 ] Movements such as kicking continue, and the mother usually feels movement for the first time, an event called quickening , during the fifth month ...
About 15 million babies are preterm each year ... Large or small pregnancy weight gain: 1.8: 1.5–2.3 ... (over 42 hours per week) ...
The IOM has recommended the ranges of weight gain to be 12.5–18 kg, 11.5–16 kg, 7-11.5 kg, and 5–9 kg respectively. That is, the smaller the BMI pre pregnancy, the more weight a woman is expected to gain during her pregnancy. [3]
Striae gravidarum in a pregnant woman at 38 weeks. Pregnancy stretch marks, also known as striae gravidarum, are a specific form of scarring of the skin of the abdominal area due to rapid expansion of the uterus as well as sudden weight gain during pregnancy. About 90% of pregnant women are affected. [13]