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Rebec player with 3-string instrument Rabel or possibly rebec. Line around edge of soundboard indicates this instrument had a skin soundboard. 11th century A.D. Rebec or fiddle from Harley manuscript 4951, folio 297V in the British Library. 1330 A.D. Pamplona Cathedral. Rebec player with 2-string instrument. Rotte: Circa 1100 A.D., Italy.
The rebec (sometimes rebecha, rebeckha, and other spellings, pronounced / ˈ r iː b ɛ k / or / ˈ r ɛ b ɛ k /) is a bowed stringed instrument of the Medieval era and the early Renaissance. In its most common form, it has a narrow boat-shaped body and one to five strings.
The rabel (or arrabel, [1] robel, rovel [2]) is a bowed stringed instrument from Spain, a rustic folk-fiddle descended from the medieval rebec, [citation needed] with both perhaps descended from the Arab rabab. [3] The instrument generally has two or three strings of gut or steel, or sometimes twisted horse-hair.
The Byzantine lyra or lira (Greek: λύρα) was a medieval bowed string musical instrument in the Byzantine (Eastern Roman) Empire.In its popular form, the lyra was a pear-shaped instrument with three to five strings, held upright and played by stopping the strings from the side with the fingertips and fingernails.
Medieval musicians had a wide variety of instruments available to them. These included the shawm, fiddles, rebec, crwth, portative organ, trumpet, timbrel, lute and bagpipe. [3] In Anglo-Saxon England, the professional poet was known as a scop ("shaper" or "maker"). Often attached to a royal or noble court, he composed his own poems, and sang ...
The instrument was most popular in Ireland, Scotland, England, Wales, and Scandinavia. [2] Most information about the medieval harp comes from art and poetry of the era, though some original instruments survive and are available to view in museums. Performers play modern reconstructions of medieval harps today.
String instrument; Other names: Rabeca, Brazilian Portuguese Rabeca chuleira in European Portuguese: Hornbostel–Sachs classification (Composite chordophone sounded by a bow) Developed: Early 16th century: Related instruments; Violin family (fiddle, viola, cello) Viol family (includes double bass)
In the late Middle Ages, the European rebec developed from this instrument (and from the related Byzantine lyra). [2] The Maghreb rebab was described by a musicologist as the "predominant" rebab of North Africa, although the instrument was in decline with younger generations when that was published in 1984.