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Buddhism was present in this region from about the second century BCE. [86] Initially, the Dharmaguptaka school was the most successful in their efforts to spread Buddhism in Central Asia. [87] The Kingdom of Khotan was one of the earliest Buddhist kingdoms in the area and helped transmit Buddhism from India to China. [88]
The Silk Road transmission of Buddhism essentially ended around the 7th century with the invasion of Islam in Central Asia. By the 8th century, Buddhism began to be spread across Asia, largely by the influence of healers and wonder-workers. These groups of people practised a form of Buddhism that was to be called "Vajrayana".
German Dharmaduta Society founded by Asoka Weeraratna in Colombo, Sri Lanka on September 21, 1952, to spread Buddhism in Germany and other western countries.It was originally known as Lanka Dhammaduta Society. 1953: The Buddhist Lodge had changed its name and was known as the Buddhist Society. It had relocated to its current address in ...
Buddhism spread to Khotan, the Tarim Basin, and China, eventually to other parts of the far east. [422] Some of the earliest written documents of the Buddhist faith are the Gandharan Buddhist texts, dating from about the 1st century CE, and connected to the Dharmaguptaka school. [424] [425] [426]
Buddhism evolved into a variety of traditions and practices, represented by Theravada, Mahayana and Vajrayana, and spread beyond the Indian subcontinent. While Buddhism declined in India, and mostly disappeared after the 8th century CE due to a lack of popular and economic support, Buddhism is more prominent in Southeast and East Asia.
Tibetan Buddhism exerted a strong influence from the 11th century CE among the peoples of Inner Asia, especially the Mongols. Tantric-style Tibetan Buddhism was possibly first spread to the Mongols via the Tangut state of Western Xia (1038–1227). [32] [33] Buddhists entered the service of the Mongol Empire in the early 13th century.
Much of contemporary Buddhism in the West is influenced by the spread of lay practice centers, where laypersons meet for meditation practice and also may stay for meditation retreats. [112] While rituals are not absent in contemporary traditions, they are less likely to be seen as providing supernatural benefits. [ 113 ]
The Dharmaguptakas made more efforts than any other sect to spread Buddhism outside India, to areas such as Afghanistan, Central Asia, and China, and they had great success in doing so. [19] Therefore, most countries which adopted Buddhism from China, also adopted the Dharmaguptaka vinaya and ordination lineage for bhikṣus and bhikṣuṇīs.