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A representative pressure–volume diagram for a refrigeration cycle. Vapour-compression refrigeration or vapor-compression refrigeration system (VCRS), [1] in which the refrigerant undergoes phase changes, is one of the many refrigeration cycles and is the most widely used method for air conditioning of buildings and automobiles.
A thermal expansion valve is a key element to a heat pump; this is the cycle that makes air conditioning, or air cooling, possible. A basic refrigeration cycle consists of four major elements: a compressor, a condenser, a metering device and an evaporator. As a refrigerant passes through a circuit containing these four elements, air ...
These motors are sometimes called DC motors, sometimes EC motors and occasionally DC/EC motors. DC stands for direct current and EC stands for electronically commutated.. DC motors allow the speed of the fans within a fan coil unit to be controlled by means of a 0-10 Volt input control signal to the motor/s, the transformers and speed switches associated with AC fan coils are not required.
A scroll compressor (also called spiral compressor, scroll pump and scroll vacuum pump) is a device for compressing air or refrigerant. [1] It is used in air conditioning equipment, as an automobile supercharger (where it is known as a scroll-type supercharger ) and as a vacuum pump .
The working fluid is 3 He, which is circulated by vacuum pumps at room temperature. The 3 He enters the cryostat at a pressure of a few hundred millibar. In the classic dilution refrigerator (known as a wet dilution refrigerator), the 3 He is precooled and purified by liquid nitrogen at 77 K and a 4 He bath at 4.2 K.
Since the cycle's working fluid, water, changes from liquid to vapor and back during the cycle, their efficiencies depend on the thermodynamic properties of water. The thermal efficiency of modern steam turbine plants with reheat cycles can reach 47%, and in combined cycle plants, in which a steam turbine is powered by exhaust heat from a gas ...
For example, water boils at 373 K; at room temperature (293 K) liquid water is termed "subcooled". Subcooling is a common stage in refrigeration cycles and steam turbine cycles. Some rocket engines use subcooled propellants.
Diagram showing components and mechanism for a heat pipe containing a wick Heat pipes keep ground frozen and inhibit water transfer into the open pit during mining activities at Ekati Diamond Mine This 100 mm by 100 mm by 10 mm high thin flat heat pipe (heat spreader) animation was created using high resolution CFD analysis and shows temperature contoured flow trajectories, predicted using a ...