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The history of Australia from 1788 to 1850 covers the early British colonial period of Australia's history. This started with the arrival in 1788 of the First Fleet of British ships at Port Jackson on the lands of the Eora , and the establishment of the penal colony of New South Wales as part of the British Empire .
[15] [16] The Swan River Colony of Western Australia was established in 1832, separately from that of New South Wales, effectively taking over by Britain of the remainder of the Australian continent. Following the Treaty of Waitangi , William Hobson declared British sovereignty over New Zealand in 1840 and was part of the colony of New South Wales.
Papua New Guinea gained independence from Australia on 16 September 1975. Canada: 1 July 1867: 11 December 1931: 17 April 1982: Canada Act 1982: Quebec voted against independence from Canada in two referendums in 1980 and 1995. Ireland: 6 December 1922 [c] 12 November 1931: 18 April 1949: Republic of Ireland Act and Ireland Act 1949
The external territories were added: Norfolk Island (1914); Ashmore Island, Cartier Islands (1931); the Australian Antarctic Territory transferred from Britain (1933); Heard Island, McDonald Islands, and Macquarie Island transferred to Australia from Britain (1947).
Australia was dubbed "terra nullius" [17] i.e., according to the European legal precepts of the era, it was unclaimed by any sovereign nation. 1787: 13 May: The First Fleet of 11 ships, led by Governor Arthur Phillip, departed from Great Britain for Australia to begin European colonisation. [18] 1788: 3 January
[23] [25] This is the date Queen Victoria revoked the letters patent establishing North Australia, but it was not proclaimed in Australia until 16 January 1849. 1 July 1851 The portion of New South Wales south of the Murray River and a line from the headwaters of the river to Cape Howe was made the Colony of Victoria. [26] 1 January 1856
Independence from Australia and cessation of UN Trust Territory status New Zealand: 6 February 1840: Treaty of Waitangi where the British Crown established a right to govern from indigenous Māori tribes [50] 17 January 1853: Self-Government: 1 June 1962: Samoa becomes fully independent from New Zealand. It is also the first small-island ...
Independence restored after period of Spanish rule. Independence initially declared from Spain in 1821 as the Republic of Spanish Haiti, and from Haiti in 1844 with the current name. July 1, 1867 United Kingdom Canada: Britain continued to exercise some level of control until the Statute of Westminster.