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Peripheral neuropathy may be classified according to the number and distribution of nerves affected (mononeuropathy, mononeuritis multiplex, or polyneuropathy), the type of nerve fiber predominantly affected (motor, sensory, autonomic), or the process affecting the nerves; e.g., inflammation (), compression (compression neuropathy), chemotherapy (chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy).
Peripheral neuropathy and mononeuropathy are common neurological disorders, with a diverse range of variables and causes to conclude a diagnosis. [2] Neuropathy has three sub-classifications; mononeuropathy is a result of an entrapped or traumatised nerve or nerve area, Mononeuropathy multiplex is linked to chronic diseases like leprosy, and ...
Proximal diabetic neuropathy, also known as diabetic amyotrophy, is a complication of diabetes mellitus that affects the nerves that supply the thighs, hips, buttocks and/or lower legs. Proximal diabetic neuropathy is a type of diabetic neuropathy characterized by muscle wasting, weakness, pain, or changes in sensation/numbness of the leg.
Neuritis (/ nj ʊəˈr aɪ t ɪ s /), from the Greek νεῦρον), [1] is inflammation of a nerve [2] or the general inflammation of the peripheral nervous system.Inflammation, and frequently concomitant demyelination, [3] [4] [5] cause impaired transmission of neural signals and leads to aberrant nerve function.
Micrograph showing peripheral neuropathy . Polyneuropathy is peripheral neuropathy occurring in the same areas on both sides of the body. Specialty: Neurology Symptoms: Ataxia [1] Causes: Hereditary (Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease), and acquired (alcohol use disorder) [2] Diagnostic method: Nerve conduction study, urinalysis [3] [1] Treatment
Diabetic neuropathy can affect any peripheral nerves including sensory neurons, motor neurons, and the autonomic nervous system. Therefore, diabetic neuropathy has the potential to affect essentially any organ system and can cause a range of symptoms. There are several distinct syndromes based on the organ systems affected. [citation needed]
The causes of nerve damage are grouped into categories including those due to paraneoplastic causes (neuropathy secondary to cancer), immune mediated, infectious, inherited or degenerative causes and those due to toxin exposure. In idiopathic sensory neuronopathy no cause is identified. Idiopathic causes account for about 50% of cases. [2]
Small fiber peripheral neuropathy is a type of peripheral neuropathy that occurs from damage to the small unmyelinated and myelinated peripheral nerve fibers. These fibers, categorized as C fibers and small Aδ fibers , are present in skin , peripheral nerves , and organs. [ 1 ]