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The two Nuremberg Laws were unanimously passed by the Reichstag on 15 September 1935. [46] The Law for the Protection of German Blood and German Honour prohibited marriages and extramarital intercourse between Jews and Germans, and forbade the employment of German females under 45 in Jewish households.
At their annual party rally held in Nuremberg, 10 to 16 September 1935, the Nazi leaders announced a set of three new laws to further regulate and exclude Jews from German society. [12] These laws now known as the Nuremberg laws served also as the legality for the arrests and violence against Jews that would follow. [13]
A chart depicting the Nuremberg Laws that were enacted in 1935. From 1933 to 1945, the Nazi regime ruled Germany and, at times, controlled almost all of Europe. During this time, Nazi Germany shifted from the post-World War I society which characterized the Weimar Republic and introduced an ideology of "biological racism" into the country's legal and justicial systems. [1]
This rampant antisemitism caused Jews to flee the country. Eight hundred Jews emigrated from Leipzig to Palestine between the years of 1933 and 1935 to seek freedom from their religious persecution and escape the Nazi regime. [4] To combat the antisemitic policies and decrees, Jews joined together in an attempt to save their culture. [4]
After hounding the German Jews out of public life by the end of 1934, the regime passed the Nuremberg Laws in 1935. [9] The laws restricted full citizenship rights to those of "German or related blood", restricted Jews' economic activity, and criminalized new marriages and sexual relationships between Jews and non-Jewish Germans.
In 1935, the Nuremberg Laws made any sexual relations between Aryans and non-Aryans a criminal offence. [228] Aryans that were found guilty under the laws and charged with Rassenschande ("racial shame") faced incarceration in a concentration camp, while non-Aryans could face the death penalty.
Among the many war crimes they faced, the Nazi officials were accused of crimes against peace and -- for the first time in history, crimes against humanity.
The Reichstag only met 12 times between 1933 and 1939, and enacted only four laws — the "Law on the Reconstruction of the Reich" of 1934 (which turned Germany into a highly centralized state) and the three "Nuremberg Laws" of 1935. All passed unanimously. It would only meet eight more times after the start of the war.