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For example, the CGS volume magnetic susceptibility of water at 20 °C is 7.19 × 10 −7, which is 9.04 × 10 −6 using the SI convention, both quantities being dimensionless. Whereas for most electromagnetic quantities, which system of quantities it belongs to can be disambiguated by incompatibility of their units, this is not true for the ...
Magnetic flux generated per unit current through a circuit henry (H) L 2 M T −2 I −2: scalar Irradiance: E: Electromagnetic radiation power per unit surface area W/m 2: M T −3: intensive Intensity: I: Power per unit cross sectional area W/m 2: M T −3: intensive Linear density: ρ l: Mass per unit length kg⋅m −1: L −1 M: Luminous ...
Cartesian y-axis basis unit vector unitless kinetic energy: joule (J) wave vector: radian per meter (m −1) Boltzmann constant: joule per kelvin (J/K) wavenumber: radian per meter (m −1) stiffness: newton per meter (N⋅m −1) ^ Cartesian z-axis basis unit vector
physics, engineering (Damping ratio of oscillator or resonator; energy stored versus energy lost) Relative density: RD = hydrometers, material comparisons (ratio of density of a material to a reference material—usually water)
Accordingly, physicists and engineers usually define magnetization as the quantity of magnetic moment per unit volume. [1] It is represented by a pseudovector M . Magnetization can be compared to electric polarization , which is the measure of the corresponding response of a material to an electric field in electrostatics .
In SI units, permeability is measured in henries per meter (H/m), or equivalently in newtons per ampere squared (N/A 2). The permeability constant μ 0, also known as the magnetic constant or the permeability of free space, is the proportionality between magnetic induction and magnetizing force when forming a magnetic field in a classical vacuum.
The magnetization is the negative derivative of the free energy with respect to the applied field, and so the magnetization per unit volume is = , where n is the number density of magnetic moments. [1]: 117 The formula above is known as the Langevin paramagnetic equation.
One difference between the Gaussian and SI systems is in the factor 4π in various formulas that relate the quantities that they define. With SI electromagnetic units, called rationalized, [3] [4] Maxwell's equations have no explicit factors of 4π in the formulae, whereas the inverse-square force laws – Coulomb's law and the Biot–Savart law – do have a factor of 4π attached to the r 2.