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Norgestimate, sold under the brand name Ortho Tri-Cyclen among others, is a progestin medication which is used in birth control pills for women and in menopausal hormone therapy. [ 1 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] The medication is available in combination with an estrogen and is not available alone. [ 6 ]
Ethinylestradiol (EE) is an estrogen medication which is used widely in birth control pills in combination with progestins. [7] [8] In the past, EE was widely used for various indications such as the treatment of menopausal symptoms, gynecological disorders, and certain hormone-sensitive cancers.
The risk of venous thromboembolism with EE/CPA-containing birth control pills is similar to that with EE and gestodene-, desogestrel-, and drospirenone-containing birth control pills and about 50 to 80% higher than with EE and levonorgestrel-containing birth control pills.
Norgestrel is used in combination with ethinylestradiol or quinestrol in combined birth control pills, alone in progestogen-only birth control pills, and in combination with estradiol or conjugated estrogens in menopausal hormone therapy. [7] It has also been used as an emergency contraceptive in the Yuzpe regimen. [16]
Norethindrone acetate and ethinyl estradiol have been approved in the US for the prevention of pregnancy as a swallowable tablet since 1968. [4] In 2022, the combination of ethinylestradiol with norethisterone or with norethisterone acetate was the 80th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 8 million ...
Estradiol, mainly as esters including estradiol valerate, estradiol cypionate, and estradiol enanthate, is also the exclusive estrogen used in combined injectable contraceptives. [6] As of 2021, more than 95% of prescriptions are for combined hormonal birth control forms containing the synthetic estrogen ethinylestradiol (EE). [7]