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The gaseous part of the reservoir fluids are both hydrocarbon gases (i.e. natural gas mostly including methane and butane) and non-hydrocarbon gases such as hydrogen sulfide and mercaptan containing components. [3] Depending on the pressure and temperature of the reservoir, the amount of dissolved in the liquid phase and free gases will be ...
These two fluids are stored only in pore space in the rock matrix. Components of a petrophysical model of a water-wet reservoir rock. Due to the complex microstructure, for a water-wet rock, the following terms comprised a clastic reservoir formation: V ma = volume of matrix grains. V dcl = volme of dry clay. V cbw = volume of clay bound water.
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in porous materials covers the application of using NMR as a tool to study the structure of porous media and various processes occurring in them. [1] This technique allows the determination of characteristics such as the porosity and pore size distribution, the permeability , the water saturation , the ...
In a hydrocarbon-bearing reservoir above the transition zone, only that pore space which is filled with hydrocarbons. From the NMR log, this equates to the Free Fluid Index (FFI), in other words, all pore space above the T2 cut-off.
NMR is extensively used in medicine in the form of magnetic resonance imaging. NMR is widely used in organic chemistry and industrially mainly for analysis of chemicals. The technique is also used to measure the ratio between water and fat in foods, monitor the flow of corrosive fluids in pipes, or to study molecular structures such as ...
NMR logging exploits the large magnetic moment of hydrogen, which is abundant in rocks in the form of water. The NMR signal amplitude is proportional to the quantity of hydrogen nuclei present in a formation and can be calibrated to give a value for porosity that is free from lithology effects.
A 900 MHz NMR instrument with a 21.1 T magnet at HWB-NMR, Birmingham, UK. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, most commonly known as NMR spectroscopy or magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), is a spectroscopic technique based on re-orientation of atomic nuclei with non-zero nuclear spins in an external magnetic field.
Solid-state 900 MHz (21.1 T [1]) NMR spectrometer at the Canadian National Ultrahigh-field NMR Facility for Solids. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) is a spectroscopy technique used to characterize atomic-level structure and dynamics in solid materials. ssNMR spectra are broader due to nuclear spin interactions which can be categorized as dipolar coupling, chemical shielding ...