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  2. Influenza - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza

    Host cell invasion and replication by the influenza virus. The viral life cycle begins by binding to a target cell. Binding is mediated by the viral HA proteins on the surface of the envelope, which bind to cells that contain sialic acid receptors on the surface of the cell membrane.

  3. Hemagglutinin (influenza) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemagglutinin_(influenza)

    The host cell membrane then engulfs the virus, a process known as endocytosis, and pinches off to form a new membrane-bound compartment within the cell called an endosome. The cell then attempts to begin digesting the contents of the endosome by acidifying its interior and transforming it into a lysosome. Once the pH within the endosome drops ...

  4. Influenza A virus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza_A_virus

    Forms a proton channel in the viral envelope, which is activated once a virion has bound to a host cell. This uncoats the virus, exposing its infective contents to the cytoplasm of the host cell 8- NS 890 NS1 (non-structural protein 1) Counteracts the host's natural immune response and inhibits interferon production.

  5. Orthomyxoviridae - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthomyxoviridae

    The mature virus buds off from the cell in a sphere of host phospholipid membrane, acquiring hemagglutinin and neuraminidase with this membrane coat (step 7). [20] As before, the viruses adhere to the cell through hemagglutinin; the mature viruses detach once their neuraminidase has cleaved sialic acid residues from the host cell. [ 16 ]

  6. Bird flu virus shows mutations in first severe human case in ...

    www.aol.com/news/bird-flu-virus-shows-mutations...

    The CDC said the patient's sample showed mutations in the hemagglutinin (HA) gene, the part of the virus that plays a key role in it attaching to host cells. The mutations seen in the patient are ...

  7. H5N1 genetic structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H5N1_genetic_structure

    Forms a proton channel in the viral envelope, which is activated once a virion has bound to a host cell. This uncoats the virus, exposing its infective contents to the cytoplasm of the host cell 8- NS 890 NS1 (non-structural protein 1) Counteracts the host’s natural immune response and inhibits interferon production.

  8. Infection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infection

    An infection is the invasion of tissues by pathogens, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agent and the toxins they produce. [1] An infectious disease, also known as a transmissible disease or communicable disease, is an illness resulting from an infection.

  9. Viral life cycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viral_life_cycle

    To enter the cells, proteins on the surface of the virus interact with proteins of the cell. Attachment, or adsorption, occurs between the viral particle and the host cell membrane. A hole forms in the cell membrane, then the virus particle or its genetic contents are released into the host cell, where replication of the viral genome may commence.