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The multiphase buck converter is a circuit topology where basic buck converter circuits are placed in parallel between the input and load. Each of the n "phases" is turned on at equally spaced intervals over the switching period. This circuit is typically used with the synchronous buck topology, described above.
Fig. 1: Schematic of a buck–boost converter. Fig. 2: The two operating states of a buck–boost converter: When the switch is turned on, the input voltage source supplies current to the inductor, and the capacitor supplies current to the resistor (output load). When the switch is opened, the inductor supplies current to the load via the diode D.
Fig. 1: Schematic of a flyback converter. The flyback converter is used in both AC/DC, and DC/DC conversion with galvanic isolation between the input and any outputs. The flyback converter is a buck-boost converter with the inductor split to form a transformer, so that the voltage ratios are multiplied with an additional advantage of isolation.
Its schematic can be seen in figure 1. It is an inverting converter, so the output voltage is negative with respect to the input voltage. The main advantage of this converter is the continuous currents at the input and output of the converter. The main disadvantage is the high current stress on the switch. [4] Fig. 1: Cuk converter circuit diagram.
The single-ended primary-inductor converter (SEPIC) is a type of DC/DC converter that allows the electrical potential at its output to be greater than, less than, or equal to that at its input. The output of the SEPIC is controlled by the duty cycle of the electronic switch (S1).
The key principle that drives the boost converter is the tendency of an inductor to resist changes in current by either increasing or decreasing the energy stored in the inductor's magnetic field. In a boost converter, the output voltage is always higher than the input voltage. A schematic of a boost power stage is shown in Figure 1.
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The buck converter reduces the input voltage in direct proportion to the ratio of conductive time to the total switching period, called the duty cycle. For example, an ideal buck converter with a 10 V input operating at a 50% duty cycle will produce an average output voltage of 5 V.