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Alfred Russel Wallace (8 January 1823 – 7 November 1913) was an English [1] [2] [3] naturalist, explorer, geographer, anthropologist, biologist and illustrator. [4] He independently conceived the theory of evolution through natural selection; his 1858 paper on the subject was published that year alongside extracts from Charles Darwin's earlier writings on the topic.
On the other hand, the lack of knowledge of tectonic plates, and the uncertainty about biodiversity in the Philippines, left Wallace with some contradicting points he had to deal with concerning his theory on biogeography. [1] In fact, Wallace did not include the Philippines in his 1859 paper, and the determination of a line in honor of his ...
However, he spelt out the details of Natural Selection to Lyell, who found the idea hard to accept but urged Darwin to publish to establish priority. [2] On 14 May 1856 Darwin began what became his draft for a book titled Natural Selection. Wallace collected specimens and corresponded with Darwin from Borneo.
Galileo Galilei (1564–1642) [1] Isaac Newton (1643–1727) [2] [3] For systemic use of experimentation in science and contributions to scientific method, physics and observational astronomy. The work of Principia by Newton, who also refined the scientific method, and who is widely regarded as the most important figure of the Scientific ...
Wegener was the first to use the phrase "continental drift" (1912, 1915) [5] [18] (German: "die Verschiebung der Kontinente") and to publish the hypothesis that the continents had somehow "drifted" apart. Although he presented much evidence for continental drift, he was unable to provide a convincing explanation for the physical processes which ...
Biogeography is the study of the distribution of species and ecosystems in geographic space and through geological time. Organisms and biological communities often vary in a regular fashion along geographic gradients of latitude, elevation, isolation and habitat area. [1] Phytogeography is the branch of biogeography that studies the ...
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Zoogeography is the branch of the science of biogeography that is concerned with geographic distribution (present and past) of animal species. [ 1 ] As a multifaceted field of study, zoogeography incorporates methods of molecular biology, genetics, morphology, phylogenetics , and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to delineate evolutionary ...