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Inspired by the rebellions in the 1820s and 1830s against the outcome of the Congress of Vienna, the unification process was precipitated by the Revolutions of 1848, and reached completion in 1870 after the capture of Rome and its designation as the capital of the Kingdom of Italy. [1] [2]
Italy's unification was completed and its capital moved to Rome. Victor Emmanuel, Garibaldi, Cavour, and Mazzini are remembered as Italy's Four Fathers of the Fatherland. [9] The Altare della Patria in Rome, a national symbol of Italy celebrating King Victor Emmanuel II, and resting place of the Italian Unknown Soldier since the end of World War I.
The Kingdom of Italy (Italian: Regno d'Italia) was a state that existed from 17 March 1861, when Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia was proclaimed King of Italy, until 2 June 1946, when civil discontent led to an institutional referendum to abandon the monarchy and form the modern Italian Republic.
This is a timeline of the unification of Italy. 1849 – August 24: Venice falls to Austrian forces that have crushed the rebellion in Venetia; 1858 – Meeting at Plombieres: Napoleon III and Cavour decide to stage a war with Austria, in return for Piedmont gaining Lombardy, Venetia, Parma and Modena, and France gaining Savoy and Nice.
European integration is the process of industrial, economic, political, legal, social, ... the Napoleonic Empire, and the unification of Germany, Italy, ...
Carlo Bossoli: the royal procession at the opening of the Parliament of the Kingdom of Italy. Following the Second Italian War of Independence and the Expedition of the Thousand, led by Giuseppe Garibaldi, in the two-year period 1859–60, the goal of the unification of Italy had been largely achieved, with the sole exception of the Triveneto and Lazio.
The main obstacle to Italian Unification was the Habsburg monarchy, which directly or indirectly controlled much of Italy [4] and was actively invested in keeping Italy divided. [2] To overcome Austrian military might Piedmont (then Italy from 1861) would need to rely on foreign intervention by other European nations to overcome Austria.
Garibaldi is also known as the "Hero of the Two Worlds" because of his military enterprises in South America and Europe. [2] Garibaldi was a follower of the Italian nationalist Mazzini and embraced the republican nationalism of the Young Italy movement. [3] He became a supporter of Italian unification under a democratic republican government.