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A bill of lading is a standard-form document which is transferable by endorsement (or by lawful transfer of possession). [7] Most shipments by sea are covered by the Hague Rules , the Hague-Visby Rules or the Hamburg Rules , which require the carrier to issue the shipper a bill of lading identifying the nature, quantity, quality and leading ...
Lickbarrow v Mason ((1788), 2 T. R. 63 and (1794) 5 TR 683) refers to an English legal case in which it was determined that a shipped or endorsed bill of lading is a document of title at common law, i.e. a document which can be owned and therefore the ownership of it could be sold or otherwise transferred to someone else.
The Uniform Bills of Lading Act was adopted in 1909 and passed by the U.S. Uniform Law Commission.The act addressed the judicial and legislative treatment of issues such as the extent of the carrier's liability to the consignee of the goods or to the buyer of the bill of lading based upon the carrier's issuance of the bill. [1]
A bill of lading serves three main functions: it is a conclusive receipt, i.e. an acknowledgement that the goods have been loaded; it contains or evidences the terms of the contract of carriage; and; it serves as a document of title to the goods, subject to the nemo dat quod non habet rule.
Bills of lading and other documents of title, which are governed by Article 7 of the Code. However, under admiralty law , a bill of lading may either be a negotiable or 'order' bill of lading, or a non-negotiable or 'straight' bill of lading.
A delivery order (abbreviated D/O [1]) is a document from a consignee, or an owner or his agent of freight carrier which orders the release of the transportation of cargo to another party. [2] Usually the written order permits the direct delivery of goods to a warehouseman , carrier or other person who in the course of their ordinary business ...
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