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Base64 is particularly prevalent on the World Wide Web [1] where one of its uses is the ability to embed image files or other binary assets inside textual assets such as HTML and CSS files. [2] Base64 is also widely used for sending e-mail attachments, because SMTP – in its original form – was designed to transport 7-bit ASCII characters ...
The ASCII text-encoding standard uses 7 bits to encode characters. With this it is possible to encode 128 (i.e. 2 7) unique values (0–127) to represent the alphabetic, numeric, and punctuation characters commonly used in English, plus a selection of Control characters which do not represent printable characters.
Base64/UTF-32 gets 5 + 1 ⁄ 3 bytes for any code point. An ASCII control character under quoted-printable or UTF-7 may be represented either directly or encoded (escaped). The need to escape a given control character depends on many circumstances, but newlines in text data are usually coded directly.
An optional base64 extension base64, separated from the preceding part by a semicolon. When present, this indicates that the data content of the URI is binary data , encoded in ASCII format using the Base64 scheme for binary-to-text encoding .
Portable bitmap ASCII 50 34 0A: P4␊ 0 pbm Portable bitmap binary 50 32 0A: P2␊ 0 pgm Portable Gray Map ASCII 50 35 0A: P5␊ 0 pgm Portable Gray Map binary 50 33 0A: P3␊ 0 ppm Portable Pixmap ASCII 50 36 0A: P6␊ 0 ppm Portable Pixmap binary D7 CD C6 9A: ×ÍÆš: 0 wmf Windows Metafile: 67 69 6D 70 20 78 63 66: gimp xcf: 0 xcf XCF (file ...
Decoding the Base64 string AA== also yields the null character. In documentation, the null character is sometimes represented as a single-em-width symbol containing the letters "NUL". In Unicode, there is a character for this: U+2400 ␀ SYMBOL FOR NULL.
ASCII tab and space characters, decimal values 9 and 32, may be represented by themselves, except if these characters would appear at the end of the encoded line. In that case, they would need to be escaped as =09 (tab) or =20 (space), or be followed by a = (soft line break) as the last character of the encoded line.
The character set to use for this encoding is by default unspecified, as long as it is compatible with US-ASCII, but the server may suggest the use of UTF-8 by sending the charset parameter. [ 9 ] The resulting string is encoded using a variant of Base64 (+/ and with padding).