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The first historical achievement in anesthesia occurred around 4000 BC in ancient Mesopotamia. [5] [10] [33] [34] [35] This was the advent of Ethanol (commonly known as ‘drinking alcohol’), the first general anaesthetic agent.
William Thomas Green Morton and the discovery of anesthesia]. Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift (in German). 126 (47): 2040– 2. PMID 8984612. Pavlovskiĭ L. N. (2005). "Dentist William Morton is a founder of general anesthesia" [Dentist William Morton is a founder of general anesthesia]. Likars'ka Sprava (in Russian) (1– 2): 111– 5.
In October 1846, Morton gave a successful demonstration of ether anesthesia in Boston. Following Morton's demonstration, Wells published a letter accounting his successful trials in 1844 in an attempt to claim the discovery of anesthesia. [8] His efforts in establishing his claim were mostly unsuccessful. [6]
Crawford Long U.S. postage stamp. Long was born in Danielsville, [3] Madison County, Georgia on November 1, 1815, to James and Elizabeth Long. [4] His father was a state senator, a merchant and a planter, and named his son after his close friend and colleague, Georgia statesman William H. Crawford.
Seeds likely used for herbalism have been found in archaeological sites of Bronze Age China dating from the Shang dynasty [10] (c. 1600 BCE–c. 1046 BCE). Over a hundred of the 224 drugs mentioned in the Huangdi Neijing – an early Chinese medical text – are herbs. [ 11 ]
Archaeologists uncovered a 480-year-old gun in Arizona. It’s now considered the oldest firearm ever found within the continental United States.
Alexandrian surgeons were responsible for developments in ligature (hemostasis), lithotomy, hernia operations, ophthalmic surgery, plastic surgery, methods of reduction of dislocations and fractures, tracheotomy, and mandrake as anesthesia. Most of what we know of them comes from Celsus and Galen of Pergamum (Greek: Γαληνός) [18] [34]
The first attempts at general anesthesia were probably herbal remedies administered in prehistory. Alcohol is one of the oldest known sedatives and it was used in ancient Mesopotamia thousands of years ago. [30] The Sumerians are said to have cultivated and harvested the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum) in lower Mesopotamia as early as 3400 BCE.