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Ionic hydrides are used as bases and, occasionally, as reducing reagents in organic synthesis. [12] C 6 H 5 C(O)CH 3 + KH → C 6 H 5 C(O)CH 2 K + H 2. Typical solvents for such reactions are ethers. Water and other protic solvents cannot serve as a medium for ionic hydrides because the hydride ion is a stronger base than hydroxide and most ...
These compounds are often known as hydrides. [4] Water contains two hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to one oxygen atom, [5] and is one of the most well-studied compounds. [6] Hydrogen is highly soluble in many rare earth and transition metals [7] and is soluble in both nanocrystalline and amorphous metals. [8]
Binary hydrogen compounds in group 1 are the ionic hydrides (also called saline hydrides) wherein hydrogen is bound electrostatically. Because hydrogen is located somewhat centrally in an electronegative sense, it is necessary for the counterion to be exceptionally electropositive for the hydride to possibly be accurately described as truly behaving ionic.
The following chart shows the solubility of various ionic compounds in water at 1 atm pressure and room temperature (approx. 25 °C, 298.15 K). "Soluble" means the ionic compound doesn't precipitate, while "slightly soluble" and "insoluble" mean that a solid will precipitate; "slightly soluble" compounds like calcium sulfate may require heat to precipitate.
In general, complex metal hydrides have the formula M x M' y H n, where M is an alkali metal cation or cation complex and M' is a metal or metalloid.Well known examples feature group 13 elements, especially boron and aluminium including sodium aluminium hydride, NaAlH 4), lithium aluminium hydride, LiAlH 4, and lithium borohydride, (LiBH 4).
Characteristic of a salt-like (ionic) hydride, it has a high melting point, and it is not soluble but reactive with all protic organic solvents. It is soluble and nonreactive with certain molten salts such as lithium fluoride, lithium borohydride, and sodium hydride. With a molar mass of 7.95 g/mol, it is the lightest ionic compound.
Sodium hydride is the chemical compound with the empirical formula Na H.This alkali metal hydride is primarily used as a strong yet combustible base in organic synthesis.NaH is a saline (salt-like) hydride, composed of Na + and H − ions, in contrast to molecular hydrides such as borane, silane, germane, ammonia, and methane.
Other homoleptic metal hydrides include the anions in Mg 2 FeH 6 and Mg 2 NiH 4. Some of these anionic polyhydrides satisfy the 18-electron rule, many do not. Because of their high lattice energy, these salts are typically not soluble in any solvents, a well known exception being K 2 ReH 9. [3]