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  2. Gal operon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gal_operon

    GalT encodes for the protein galactosyltransferase which catalyzes the transfer of a galactose sugar to an acceptor, forming a glycosidic bond. [5] GalK encodes for a kinase that phosphorylates α-D-galactose to galactose 1-phosphate. [6] Lastly, galM catalyzes the conversion of β-D-galactose to α-D-galactose as the first step in galactose ...

  3. Carbohydrate metabolism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbohydrate_metabolism

    After separation from glucose, galactose travels to the liver for conversion to glucose. [12] Galactokinase uses one molecule of ATP to phosphorylate galactose. [2] The phosphorylated galactose is then converted to glucose-1-phosphate, and then eventually glucose-6-phosphate, which can be broken down in glycolysis. [2]

  4. Gal4 transcription factor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gal4_transcription_factor

    The Gal4 transcription factor is a positive regulator of gene expression of galactose-induced genes. [1] This protein represents a large fungal family of transcription factors, Gal4 family, which includes over 50 members in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae e.g. Oaf1, Pip2, Pdr1, Pdr3, Leu3.

  5. Galactose - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galactose

    Galactose (/ ɡ ə ˈ l æ k t oʊ s /, galacto-+ -ose, "milk sugar"), sometimes abbreviated Gal, is a monosaccharide sugar that is about as sweet as glucose, and about 65% as sweet as sucrose. [2] It is an aldohexose and a C-4 epimer of glucose. [3] A galactose molecule linked with a glucose molecule forms a lactose molecule.

  6. Galactosidases - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galactosidases

    Galactosidases are enzymes (glycoside hydrolases) that catalyze the hydrolysis of galactosides into monosaccharides.. Galactosides can be classified as either alpha or beta. If the galactoside is classified as an alpha-galactoside, the enzyme is called alpha-galactosidase, and is responsible for catalyzing the hydrolysis of substrates that contain α-galactosidic residues, such as ...

  7. β-Galactosidase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Β-Galactosidase

    The protein is a 464-kDa homotetramer with 2,2,2-point symmetry. [8] Each unit of β-galactosidase consists of five domains ; domain 1 is a jelly-roll type β-barrel , domain 2 and 4 are fibronectin type III -like barrels, domain 5 a novel β-sandwich, while the central domain 3 is a distorted TIM-type barrel , lacking the fifth helix with a ...

  8. α-Galactosidase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Α-Galactosidase

    α-Galactosidase ( EC 3.2.1.22, α-GAL, α-GAL A; systematic name α-D-galactoside galactohydrolase) is a glycoside hydrolase enzyme that catalyses the following reaction: [1] Hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing α- D -galactose residues in α- D -galactosides, including galactose oligosaccharides, galactomannans and galactolipids

  9. Galactosyltransferase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galactosyltransferase

    Galactosyltransferase is a type of glycosyltransferase which catalyzes the transfer of galactose. An example is B-N-acetylglucosaminyl-glycopeptide b-1,4-galactosyltransferase . The biosynthesis of disaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides involves the action of hundreds of different glycosyltransferases.