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Microsoft Office XP (codenamed Office 10 [7]) is an office suite which was officially revealed in July 2000 by Microsoft for the Windows operating system. Office XP was released to manufacturing on March 5, 2001, [8] and was later made available to retail on May 31, 2001. [1] A Mac OS X equivalent, Microsoft Office v. X was released on November ...
CVP is a short run, marginal analysis: it assumes that unit variable costs and unit revenues are constant, which is appropriate for small deviations from current production and sales, and assumes a neat division between fixed costs and variable costs, though in the long run all costs are variable.
The cost breakdown analysis is a popular cost reduction strategy and a viable opportunity for businesses. [1] [2] [3] The price of a product or service is defined as cost plus profit, whereas cost can be broken down further into direct cost and indirect cost. [1] As a business has virtually no influence on indirect cost, a cost reduction ...
division 17 - master format related specs, nonconforming to the above csi sections All spec divisions higher than 16 are placed in Division 17 - Others. Also use Division 17-Others for any spec-shaped material not easily classified (e.g., geotechnical, pre-bid notes, etc.)
MasterFormat has continued to be updated and revised since 2004, with new numbers, titles, and a new division added in 2010 and additional updates completed in 2010, 2011, 2012, 2014, 2016, and 2018. [ 5 ]
Design-to-Cost (DTC), as part of cost management techniques, describes a systematic approach to controlling the costs of product development and manufacturing.The basic idea is that costs are designed "into the product", even from the earliest concept decisions on and are difficult to remove later.
Triple bottom line (TBL or 3BL) is an accounting framework widely adopted by large organizations since its introduction in 1994 by John Elkington. [9] Organizations can use it to evaluate their performance in a broader perspective to create greater business value [10] or to make decisions on where to allocate resources for the highest organizational return for all key stakeholders.
The primary data set used in cost distance analysis is the cost raster, sometimes called the cost-of-passage surface, [9] the friction image, [8] the cost-rate field, or cost surface. In most implementations, this is a raster grid , in which the value of each cell represents the cost (i.e., expended resources, such as time, money, or energy) of ...