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  2. Reference ranges for urine tests - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reference_ranges_for_urine...

    Reference ranges for urine tests are described below: Measurement Lower limit Upper limit ... White blood cells (WBCs) 0 [2] 2 [2] pH: 5 [2] 7 [2] (unitless) Protein ...

  3. Urine cytology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urine_cytology

    The Paris System for reporting urine cytology, version 2.0, ranging from negative to positive for high grade urothelial carcinoma. [1] Urine cytology is a test that looks for abnormal cells in urine under a microscope. The test commonly checks for infection, inflammatory disease of the urinary tract, cancer, or precancerous conditions.

  4. Pap test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pap_test

    The Papanicolaou test (abbreviated as Pap test, also known as Pap smear (AE), [1] cervical smear (BE), cervical screening (BE), [2] or smear test (BE)) is a method of cervical screening used to detect potentially precancerous and cancerous processes in the cervix (opening of the uterus or womb) or, more rarely, anus (in both men and women). [3]

  5. Urinalysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urinalysis

    Urine test results should always be interpreted using the reference range provided by the laboratory that performed the test, or using information provided by the test strip/device manufacturer. [136] Not all abnormal results signify disease, and false positive results are common.

  6. Bethesda system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bethesda_system

    Squamous cell carcinoma; Atypical Glandular Cells not otherwise specified (AGC-NOS) Atypical Glandular Cells, suspicious for AIS or cancer (AGC-neoplastic) Adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) The results are calculated differently following a Pap smear of the cervix. [citation needed]

  7. Prostatic acid phosphatase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostatic_acid_phosphatase

    Prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), also prostatic specific acid phosphatase (PSAP), is an enzyme produced by the prostate. It may be found in increased amounts in men who have prostate cancer or other diseases.

  8. Koilocyte - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koilocyte

    ThinPrep pap smear with group of normal cervical cells on left and HPV-infected cells showing features typical of koilocytes: enlarged (x2 or x3) nuclei and hyperchromasia. A koilocyte is a squamous epithelial cell that has undergone a number of structural changes, which occur as a result of infection of the cell by human papillomavirus (HPV). [1]

  9. Human papillomavirus infection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_papillomavirus_infection

    Women aged 30–65 should preferably be tested every 5 years with both the HPV test and the Pap test. In other age groups, a Pap test alone can suffice unless they have been diagnosed with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US). [133] Co-testing with a Pap test and HPV test is recommended because it decreases the rate of ...