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By default, a Pandas index is a series of integers ascending from 0, similar to the indices of Python arrays. However, indices can use any NumPy data type, including floating point, timestamps, or strings. [4]: 112 Pandas' syntax for mapping index values to relevant data is the same syntax Python uses to map dictionary keys to values.
Given a function that accepts an array, a range query (,) on an array = [,..,] takes two indices and and returns the result of when applied to the subarray [, …,].For example, for a function that returns the sum of all values in an array, the range query (,) returns the sum of all values in the range [,].
Python's is operator may be used to compare object identities (comparison by reference), and comparisons may be chained—for example, a <= b <= c. Python uses and, or, and not as Boolean operators. Python has a type of expression named a list comprehension, and a more general expression named a generator expression. [78]
Procedural programming languages are based on the concept of the unit and scope (the data viewing range) of an executable code statement. A procedural program is composed of one or more units or modules, either user coded or provided in a code library; each module is composed of one or more procedures, also called a function, routine ...
The Open Document Format for Office Applications (ODF), also known as OpenDocument, standardized as ISO 26300, is an open file format for word processing documents, spreadsheets, presentations and graphics and using ZIP-compressed [6] XML files. It was developed with the aim of providing an open, XML-based file format specification for office ...
The concept of the "open text" comes from Umberto Eco's collection of essays The Role of the Reader, [1] but it is also derivative of Roland Barthes's distinction between 'readerly' and 'writerly' (scriptible) texts as set out in his 1968 essay "The Death of the Author".
An open file format is licensed with an open license. [3] [4] [failed verification] [contradictory] For example, an open format can be implemented by both proprietary and free and open-source software, using the typical software licenses used by each. In contrast to open file formats, closed file formats are considered trade secrets.
In the mathematical model, each training example is represented by an array or vector, sometimes called a feature vector, and the training data is represented by a matrix. Through iterative optimization of an objective function , supervised learning algorithms learn a function that can be used to predict the output associated with new inputs ...