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A single cyclin A gene has been identified in Drosophila while Xenopus, mice and humans contain two distinct types of cyclin A: A1, the embryonic-specific form, and A2, the somatic form. Cyclin A1 is prevalently expressed during meiosis and early on in embryogenesis. Cyclin A2 is expressed in dividing somatic cells. [7]
Cyclin A2 regulates homologous recombinational DNA repair in human breast cancer cells [21] Loss of cyclin A2 causes high rates of double-strand breaks in DNA. The increase in double-strand breaks is a consequence of defective homologous recombinational repair of the breaks resulting from reduced MRE11 and RAD51 DNA repair proteins. [21]
Microarray analyses revealed many genes regulating cell cycle and cell proliferation that are responsive to alteration of let-7 levels, including cyclin A2, CDC34, Aurora A and B kinases (STK6 and STK12), E2F5, and CDK8, among others. [30] Subsequent experiments confirmed the direct effects of some of these genes, such as CDC25A and CDK6. [32]
Expression of some of the gap genes in bands in the Drosophila early embryo. A gap gene is a type of gene involved in the development of the segmented embryos of some arthropods. Gap genes are defined by the effect of a mutation in that gene, which causes the loss of contiguous body segments, resembling a gap in the normal body plan. Each gap ...
3725 16476 Ensembl ENSG00000177606 ENSMUSG00000052684 UniProt P05412 P05627 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_002228 NM_010591 RefSeq (protein) NP_002219 NP_034721 Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 58.78 – 58.78 Mb Chr 4: 94.94 – 94.94 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Transcription factor Jun is a protein that in humans is encoded by the JUN gene. c-Jun, in combination with protein c-Fos ...
Cyclin E dsRNA arrested the cell cycle at the G 1 phase (before the S phase). Therefore, RNAi can target endogenous genes. In addition, cyclin E dsRNA only diminished cyclin E RNA — a similar result was also shown using dsRNA corresponding to cyclin A which acts in S, G 2 and M phases of the cell cycle. This shows the characteristic hallmark ...
In early anaphase, Cdk1 is inactivated, leading to the activation of Cdh1, the other activator subunit of APC/C. This then triggers the degradation of Cdc20 and leads to the activation of APC/CCdh1 through G1 to suppress S- phase cyclin-Cdk activity. At the end of G1, APC/CCdh1 is inactivated and S- phase and mitotic cyclins gets reaccumulate ...
CAK varies dramatically in different species. In vertebrates and Drosophila, CAK is a trimeric protein complex consisting of Cdk7 (a Cdk-related protein kinase), cyclin H, and Mat1. [2] The Cdk7 subunit is responsible for Cdk activation while the Mat1 subunit is responsible for transcription. The CAK trimer can be phosphorylated on the ...