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Research has also demonstrated that changes in Big Five personality traits depend on the individual's current stage of development. For example, levels of agreeableness and conscientiousness demonstrate a negative trend during childhood and early adolescence before trending upwards during late adolescence and into adulthood. [119]
Similarly, agreeableness is a personality trait that is related to the consideration of others' mental states. [9] The finding that IQ predicts work performance, academic achievement, and health might also point to a link between intelligence and personality, or else be grounds for further research into their relationship.
These traits were derived in accordance with the lexical hypothesis. [1] These five personality traits: Extraversion, Neuroticism, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness and Openness to Experience have garnered widespread support [dubious – discuss]. The Big Five personality characteristics represent one level in a hierarchy of traits.
Grit may be domain-specific rather than a domain-general trait. [15] One prolific area of research looked at its role in second language learning or L2 [definition needed] grit . [16] Grit is not only domain-specific, but also context-dependent, with its predictors differing in face-to-face vs. online learning contexts. [17]
Openness to experience is one of the domains which are used to describe human personality in the Five Factor Model. [1] [2] Openness involves six facets, or dimensions: active imagination (fantasy), aesthetic sensitivity, attentiveness to inner feelings, preference for variety (adventurousness), intellectual curiosity, and challenging authority (psychological liberalism). [3]
There are many similarities in Big Five trait expression across cultures. For example, differences between men and women in Big Five traits, although small compared to variation within gender, do seem to exist consistently across a number of cultures. In general, women tend to score higher on neuroticism and agreeableness. [9]
Traits are developed and certain genes come into expression based on an organism's environment and how these traits aid in an organism's survival and reproduction. Polymorphisms , such as sex and blood type, are forms of diversity which evolve to benefit a species as a whole. [ 53 ]
Personality trait psychologists believe that a person's personality is relatively consistent across situations. [1] Situationists, opponents of the trait approach, argue that people are not consistent enough from situation to situation to be characterized by broad personality traits. The debate is also an important discussion when studying ...