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Objectives and key results (OKR, alternatively OKRs) is a goal-setting framework used by individuals, teams, and organizations to define measurable goals and track their outcomes. The development of OKR is generally attributed to Andrew Grove who introduced the approach to Intel in the 1970s [ 1 ] and documented the framework in his 1983 book ...
Goal setting involves the development of an action plan designed in order to motivate and guide a person or group toward a goal. [1] Goals are more deliberate than desires and momentary intentions. Therefore, setting goals means that a person has committed thought, emotion, and behavior towards attaining the goal.
This framework enables the individual setting the goal to have a precise understanding of the expected outcomes, while the evaluator has concrete criteria for assessment. The SMART acronym is linked to Peter Drucker's management by objectives (MBO) concept, illustrating its foundational role in strategic planning and performance management. [4]
Management by objectives (MBO), also known as management by planning (MBP), was first popularized by Peter Drucker in his 1954 book The Practice of Management. [1] Management by objectives is the process of defining specific objectives within an organization that management can convey to organization members, then deciding how to achieve each objective in sequence.
The satisfaction of goals should be reviewed on a monthly basis, with a larger annual review at the end of the year. [3] Performance measurement is also a key part of the process. [5] Hoshin Kanri is a top-down approach, with the goals being mandated by management and the implementation being performed by employees.
Objectives, goals, strategies and measures (OGSM) is a goal setting and action plan framework used in strategic planning.It is used by organizations, departments, teams and sometimes program managers to define and track measurable goals and actions to achieve an objective.
High Output Management introduces Grove's"management by objective" approach, also known as the objectives and key results (OKR) framework. [ 1 ] It has been described as a "crash course for middle managers " and discuses the importance of measurable processes, performance reviews, and trainings.
When working on the operating model, it is normal to define the "as is" model and the "to be" model. The target operating model is the "to be" model. It is possible to produce a target operating model for a business or a function within a business or a government department or a charity.