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Biosand filters are typically constructed from concrete or plastic. [3] At the top of the filter, a tightly fitted lid prevents contamination and unwanted pests from entering the filter. Below this, the diffuser plate prevents disturbance of the biofilm when water is poured into the filter.
Larger sand grains can be used to overcome this problem, but if significant amounts of large solids are in the feed they need to be removed upstream of the sand bed filter by a process such as settling. [5]: 302–303 The depth of the sand bed is recommended to be around 0.6–1.8 m (2–6 ft) regardless of the application.
Seaweed can be transformed into biochar and used as a means of increasing the organic matter and nutrient content of the soil. [67] Different types of seaweed appear to yield unique nutrients and parameters; red seaweeds, for example, create biochar that is rich in potassium and sulfur and is more acidic than biochar generated from brown ...
A seagrass meadow or seagrass bed is an underwater ecosystem formed by seagrasses.Seagrasses are marine (saltwater) plants found in shallow coastal waters and in the brackish waters of estuaries.
Laminaria japonica, the important commercial seaweed, was first introduced into China in the late 1920s from Hokkaido, Japan. Yet mariculture of this alga on a very large commercial scale was realized in China only in the 1950s. Between the 1950s and the 1980s, kelp production in China increased from about 60 to over 250,000 dry weight metric ...